Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
Published: November 2018
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical, microbiologic, and histopathologic features of Capnocytophaga keratitis in dogs.
Animals Studied: Seven dogs with naturally acquired Capnocytophaga keratitis.
Procedures: Medical records of dogs with a clinical diagnosis of keratitis and corneal cultures positive for Capnocytophaga spp. were reviewed. Dog signalment, medical history, clinical findings, and diagnostic assay results were recorded.
Results: Breeds included Boston terrier (n = 3 dogs), Rat terrier (n = 2), and single cases of mixed breed and Pug. All dogs examined had expansive corneal ulceration involving the majority of the corneal surface. Marked corneal infiltrates, keratomalacia, and hypopyon were present. Progression of corneal disease was rapid with extensive dissolution of the corneal stroma. Corneal lesions progressed to catastrophic perforations within 24 h of the initial examination in three dogs, requiring enucleation. One globe was enucleated after failure to resolve with long-term medical therapy. Globes and vision were retained in three dogs following aggressive medical therapy (two dogs) or 360° conjunctival graft surgery (one dog). Capnocytophaga cynodegmi, Capnocytophaga canimorsus, or unspeciated Capnocytophaga spp. were cultured from corneal samples of all dogs. Long, thin, gram-negative rods were present during cytological evaluation of the cornea in some dogs. Histopathologic evaluation of enucleated globes revealed severe and diffuse neutrophilic and collagenolytic keratitis.
Conclusions: Capnocytophaga keratitis is a severe, rapidly progressive corneal infection in dogs that is associated with diffuse corneal involvement, extensive keratomalacia, and a relatively poor prognosis. Clinical features of canine Capnocytophaga keratitis are similar to human cases of this infection.
Background: Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a facultative anaerobic, slow-growing, capnophilic, Gram-negative bacillus, that is commonly found in the microflora of canine and feline oral cavities. Capnocytophaga infections are an emerging zoonotic disease that can cause fatal systemic infections in immunocompromised individuals. Localized ocular Capnocytophaga infections, including keratitis, blepharitis, and endophthalmitis, can lead to severe eye threatening situations.
Purpose: To report our experience with 2 cases of Capnocytophaga keratitis.
Methods: This is a retrospective study of case reports. We present the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment strategies of 2 patients who presented with Capnocytophaga keratitis.
Capnocytophaga species are part of the normal human oral bacterial flora.They are recognized as opportunistic pathogens leading to various extra-oral infections including septicemia, osteomyelitis, abscesses and keratitis and they have been rarely reported as a cause of chorioamionitis and neonatal infection. We here report the first two cases of chorioamionitis produced by Capnocytophaga sputigena and the recently described C.
Purpose: To investigate the demography, causative bacteria, and clinical findings in 3 patients with expulsive hemorrhage.
Methods: The clinical records of 3 patients (3 eyes), who developed expulsive hemorrhage because of infectious keratitis and were treated at our hospital between December 2006 and January 2008, were investigated retrospectively.
Results: Three women, older than 70 years, with physical and mental disabilities because of senile dementia were studied.
