AI Article Synopsis
- The sea lamprey serves as a valuable model for understanding vertebrate evolution due to its unique genomic features.
- A new genome assembly reveals that chromosome and whole-genome duplications significantly influenced both lamprey and ancestral vertebrate evolution, including the organization of HOX gene clusters.
- The research highlights the elimination of specific genes during early development in lampreys and suggests regulatory similarities with gene silencing mechanisms in other vertebrates, opening avenues for further evolutionary and biological studies.
Article Abstract
The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) serves as a comparative model for reconstructing vertebrate evolution. To enable more informed analyses, we developed a new assembly of the lamprey germline genome that integrates several complementary data sets. Analysis of this highly contiguous (chromosome-scale) assembly shows that both chromosomal and whole-genome duplications have played significant roles in the evolution of ancestral vertebrate and lamprey genomes, including chromosomes that carry the six lamprey HOX clusters. The assembly also contains several hundred genes that are reproducibly eliminated from somatic cells during early development in lamprey. Comparative analyses show that gnathostome (mouse) homologs of these genes are frequently marked by polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) in embryonic stem cells, suggesting overlaps in the regulatory logic of somatic DNA elimination and bivalent states that are regulated by early embryonic PRCs. This new assembly will enhance diverse studies that are informed by lampreys' unique biology and evolutionary/comparative perspective.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5805609 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41588-017-0036-1 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Lymphocyte receptors have evolved independently in both jawed and jawless vertebrates, showing similar adaptive immune responses, though the diversity in jawless vertebrates like lampreys is less understood.
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- These MPL-L+ T-like cells are present in various lamprey tissues and can proliferate in response to specific stimuli, offering new insights into the adaptive immune system of jawless vertebrates and its evolutionary background.
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