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The flow of reward information through neuronal ensembles in the accumbens.
Cell Rep
October 2024
Laboratory Neurobiology of Appetite, Department of Pharmacology, CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; Laboratory Neurobiology of Appetite, Center for Research on Aging (CIE), Cinvestav Sede Sur, Mexico City 14330, Mexico. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) plays a key role in processing reward information, helping rats make decisions based on the likelihood of receiving a sucrose reward.
- - Rats appear to adapt their choices based on the presence or absence of rewards, suggesting they internally represent reward probabilities during learning tasks.
- - The NAcSh operates as a complex network with interconnected neuronal groups that change dynamically, improving information flow when rewards are delivered and decreasing it when rewards are not given, highlighting its adaptability in response to learning.
Memory Trace for Fear Extinction: Fragile yet Reinforceable.
Neurosci Bull
June 2024
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Fear extinction is a biological process in which learned fear behavior diminishes without anticipated reinforcement, allowing the organism to re-adapt to ever-changing situations. Based on the behavioral hypothesis that extinction is new learning and forms an extinction memory, this new memory is more readily forgettable than the original fear memory. The brain's cellular and synaptic traces underpinning this inherently fragile yet reinforceable extinction memory remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ever-changing engram: towards an integrated understanding of long-term memory dynamics.
Memory
March 2018
a Department of Psychology , Lehigh University, 17 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem , PA 18015 , USA.
Loss of Ensemble Segregation in Dentate Gyrus, but not in Somatosensory Cortex, during Contextual Fear Memory Generalization.
Front Behav Neurosci
November 2016
Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan; Department of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka UniversityOsaka, Japan; The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan.
The details of contextual or episodic memories are lost and generalized with the passage of time. Proper generalization may underlie the formation and assimilation of semantic memories and enable animals to adapt to ever-changing environments, whereas overgeneralization of fear memory evokes maladaptive fear responses to harmless stimuli, which is a symptom of anxiety disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To understand the neural basis of fear memory generalization, we investigated the patterns of neuronal ensemble reactivation during memory retrieval when contextual fear memory expression is generalized using transgenic mice that allowed us to visualize specific neuronal ensembles activated during memory encoding and retrieval.
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