A humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament, or HAGL lesion, is an uncommon yet disabling shoulder injury, which leads to complaints of pain and overall inability to properly use the shoulder from patients. The diagnosis of a HAGL lesion is particularly challenging. To arrive at an accurate diagnosis, the use of a magnetic resonance arthrogram is suggested along with high clinical suspicion. A HAGL lesion may be anterior or posterior. This difference dictates the type of surgical treatment to be undertaken. Although a posterior HAGL lesion is repaired arthroscopically, an anterior HAGL lesion is treated through an open approach. The purpose of this Technical Note is to describe our preferred technique to surgically treat an anterior HAGL lesion through an open approach.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5622309PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2017.05.019DOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • A humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL lesion) is an uncommon injury linked to traumatic shoulder instability, and it's especially rare when combined with a Bankart lesion, termed a floating inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL).
  • A case study reports a 32-year-old woman who experienced her fourth shoulder dislocation and underwent arthroscopic repair, during which a flexible drill tip broke and had to be removed surgically later.
  • Remarkably, three years post-surgery, the patient experienced no recurrence of dislocations and was able to continue skateboarding, which she enjoys.
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Background: Anterior humeral avulsions of the glenohumeral ligament (aHAGL) lesions are relatively rare causes of shoulder instability that affect athletes at a higher rate than other populations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate rate of return to sport (RTS) after HAGL repair.

Methods: A search of the PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases was conducted on April 13, 2022 with the search terms "HAGL" or "humeral avulsion glenohumeral ligament" was used to conduct the systematic review.

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Shoulder instability, often associated with both soft tissue and bone lesions, can result in shoulder pain and dysfunction. To address this, the combined procedure of a Bankart repair in conjunction with humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) repair aims to minimize failure rates in a single procedure. While HAGL repair is imperative for preventing recurrent instability, there remains a lack of consensus on the optimal surgical technique.

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Long-term Outcomes After Open Repair of Humeral Avulsion of the Glenohumeral Ligament.

Orthop J Sports Med

June 2024

Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: There is a lack of data regarding the long-term clinical outcomes of open repair of humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL).

Purpose: To examine the long-term patient outcomes, prevalence of related shoulder lesions, and return to sports in patients who have had open HAGL repair.

Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

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[Imaging of posttraumatic shoulder instability : Current concepts].

Radiologie (Heidelb)

February 2024

Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie der Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.

Posttraumatic instability accounts for more than 95% of all shoulder instabilities with the highest incidence in patients between 20 and 30 years of age. In this age group, lesions of the capsulolabral complex are the most common sequelae after the first shoulder dislocation. Typical acute findings are the Bankart and Perthes lesions and humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL).

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