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Opening the Cabinets: A Critical Evaluation of Skeletal Teaching Collections in the United States.
Am J Biol Anthropol
January 2025
Mandatory Center of Expertise for the Curation and Management of Archaeological Collections, St. Louis District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
The collections of human remains within our university laboratories and classrooms are considered by many to be integral to teaching osteology. However, as an outgrowth of the Western scientific tradition of mind/body dualism, human remains within skeletal teaching collections are often regarded differently than those in museums or applied contexts. From processing to storage, the personhood of each individual becomes abstracted as we purchase, "inherit," handle, organize, and digitally scan their bones for teaching purposes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFaces from colonial times: the collection of facial casts at the Sapienza University of Rome (Museum of Anthropology "G. Sergi")).
J Anthropol Sci
December 2024
Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy,
Founded in 1894, the Museum "G. Sergi" houses a variety of osteological materials and other collections, including several plaster facial casts from different human populations. This paper investigates this collection, which has been acquired (at least in part) in the framework of Italian colonialism, focusing on expeditions respectively led by Lidio Cipriani and Corrado Gini during the fascist regime.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistorical and Archaeogenomic Identification of High-Status Englishmen at Jamestown, Virginia.
Antiquity
August 2024
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Ancient DNA (aDNA) data are reported for two human skeletons buried within the chancel of the 1608-1616 church at the North American colonial settlement of Jamestown, Virginia. The men are suspected kinsmen of the colony's first Governor, Thomas West, 3 Baron De La Warr based on archaeological, osteological, and documentary evidence. Genomic analyses of these men, Sir Ferdinando Wenman and Captain William West, identify a shared mitochondrial haplogroup, H10e, inferring maternal relatedness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDivergent otolithic systems in the inner ear of Paranthropus robustus and Australopithecus africanus.
J Hum Evol
December 2024
Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA; Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, NY, USA.
The bony labyrinth of the inner ear houses the sensory end-organs responsible for balance (otolithic system in the utricle and saccule, and semicircular canal system) and hearing (cochlea). Study of the bony labyrinth has revealed considerable morphological diversity in the hominin lineage (semicircular canals and cochleae) and aided in reconstructing essential aspects of primate evolution, including positional behavior, audition, and phylogenic affinities. However, evidence of evolutionary change in the hominin otolithic system remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLate Pleistocene onset of mutualistic human/canid ( spp.) relationships in subarctic Alaska.
Sci Adv
December 2024
Department of Genetics and Biochemistry and Center for Human Genetics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
Large canids (wolves, dogs, and coyote) and people form a close relationship in northern (subarctic and arctic) socioecological systems. Here, we document the antiquity of this bond and the multiple ways it manifested in interior Alaska, a region key to understanding the peopling of the Americas and early northern lifeways. We compile original and existing genomic, isotopic, and osteological canid data from archaeological, paleontological, and modern sites.
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