Research on perceptual learning shows that the way stimuli are presented leads to different outcomes. The intermixed/blocked (I/B) effect is one of these outcomes, and different mechanisms have been proposed to explain it. In human research, it seems that comparison between stimuli is important, and the placement of a distractor between the pre-exposed stimuli interferes with the effect. Results from animal research are usually interpreted in different terms because the type of procedure normally used in animal perceptual learning does not favour comparison. In our experiments, we explore the possibility that a distractor placed between the to-be-discriminated stimuli may interfere with the perceptual learning process in rats. In Experiment 1, two flavoured solutions are presented in an I/B fashion, with a short time lapse between them to favour comparison, showing the typical I/B effect. In Experiment 2, we introduced a distractor in between the solutions, abolishing this effect. Experiment 3 further replicates this by comparing two intermixed groups with or without distractor. The results replicate the findings from human research, suggesting that comparison also plays an important role in animal perceptual learning.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818757101 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Suboptimal but intact integration of Bayesian components during perceptual decision-making in autism.
Mol Autism
January 2025
Department of Special Education, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Background: Alterations in sensory perception, a core phenotype of autism, are attributed to imbalanced integration of sensory information and prior knowledge during perceptual statistical (Bayesian) inference. This hypothesis has gained momentum in recent years, partly because it can be implemented both at the computational level, as in Bayesian perception, and at the level of canonical neural microcircuitry, as in predictive coding. However, empirical investigations have yielded conflicting results with evidence remaining limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhonetic retuning to idiosyncrasies in word onsets: The interplay of lexical context and prediction.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn
December 2024
University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences.
Listeners can use both lexical context (i.e., lexical knowledge activated by the word itself) and lexical predictions based on the content of a preceding sentence to adjust their phonetic categories to speaker idiosyncrasies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of spatial location in irrelevant speech revisited: A preregistered replication study.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn
December 2024
Technical University of Darmstadt, Institute of Psychology.
The goal of the present investigation was to perform a registered replication of Jones and Macken's (1995b) study, which showed that the segregation of a sequence of sounds to distinct locations reduced the disruptive effect on serial recall. Thereby, it postulated an intriguing connection between auditory stream segregation and the cognitive mechanisms underlying the irrelevant speech effect. Specifically, it was found that a sequence of changing utterances was less disruptive in stereophonic presentation, allowing each auditory object (letters) to be allocated to a unique location (right ear, left ear, center), compared to when the same sounds were played monophonically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproved Consistency of Lung Nodule Categorization in CT Scans with Heterogeneous Slice Thickness by Deep Learning-Based 3D Super-Resolution.
Diagnostics (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
: Accurate volumetric assessment of lung nodules is an essential element of low-dose lung cancer screening programs. Current guidance recommends applying specific thresholds to measured nodule volume to make the following clinical decisions. In reality, however, CT scans often have heterogeneous slice thickness which is known to adversely impact the accuracy of nodule volume assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeneration of high-resolution MPRAGE-like images from 3D head MRI localizer (AutoAlign Head) images using a deep learning-based model.
Jpn J Radiol
January 2025
Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
Purpose: Magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) is a useful three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted sequence, but is not a priority in routine brain examinations. We hypothesized that converting 3D MRI localizer (AutoAlign Head) images to MPRAGE-like images with deep learning (DL) would be beneficial for diagnosing and researching dementia and neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to establish and evaluate a DL-based model for generating MPRAGE-like images from MRI localizers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!