There are many commercial antibodies with little information provided by their suppliers as to their reliability. Accordingly, commercial antibodies require proper validation before being used in scientific research. In this study, we validated several commercial antibodies, including anti-CSPα, SNAP25, tyrosine hydroxylase, ubiquitin, cleaved caspase 3, and pSer PKC motif. Anti-CSPα, SNAP25, and tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies could detect their endogenous target proteins with some degree of cross-reactivity. Furthermore, clear SNAP25 staining was observed with SNAP25 antibody. Antibodies directed against ubiquitin, cleaved caspase 3, and pSer PKC motif could detect poly-ubiquitination, apoptosis, and phosphorylation, respectively.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1267/ahc.17028 | DOI Listing |
Background: The immune system is substantially involved in the development and progression of age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Method: As genetic and environmental factors interactively impact these conditions, we investigated how risk factors such as APOE genotype, age, and sex influence immune activation markers and AD biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in elderly individuals enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging cohort. Among cognitively unimpaired individuals aged over 65 at the baseline visit (N=298), we measured 365 CSF immune activation markers using the proximity extension assay.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Arterial spin labelling (ASL) is a non-invasive MRI technique for quantifying cerebral blood flow (CBF), used for monitoring changes over the course of a disease or treatment. A crucial parameter in ASL is the post-labelling delay (PLD), determined by the time it takes for blood to travel from the labeling location to the tissue under investigation. Time-encoded ASL (te-ASL) utilizes multiple PLDs for more accurate quantification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Centre for Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's disease (StoP-AD Centre), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Background: The heterogeneous etiology of "sporadic" Alzheimer's disease (sAD) includes genetic influences. To better understand synaptic dysfunction in AD pathogenesis, we used protein quantitative train loci (pQTL) assessments and a polygenic risk score (PRS) to examine the relationship between synaptic integrity and longitudinal cognitive performance in the presymptomatic phase of the disease.
Method: The PREVENT-AD cohort includes symptom-free elderly participants at risk of AD because of their family history.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Background: Synaptic dysfunction plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive decline. We investigated the association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) synaptic protein levels and quantitative EEG (qEEG) measures, two modalities to measure synaptic dysfunction in AD pathology. We assessed combined and independent prognostic value of both modalities for cognitive decline along the AD continuum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with hypoxia-induced neuronal impairment and dysfunction-key risk factors for the pathogeneses of age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study examined longitudinal associations between OSA severity and CSF biomarkers associated with AD, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation in a sample of late-middle-aged adults with increased risk for AD.
Method: N=25 cognitively unimpaired adults (64% female, mean age 65.
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