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Behavioural tactic predicts preoptic-hypothalamic gene expression more strongly than developmental morph in fish with alternative reproductive tactics. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Reproductive success in animals depends on social behaviors like territory defense and mating, with certain species showing extreme variations in tactics.
  • The plainfin midshipman fish has two male morphs: Type I males defend territories and court females, while Type II males primarily practice cuckoldry.
  • Research using RNA-sequencing in the brain region associated with social behavior showed that gene expression patterns are more linked to behavioral tactics than to the males' physical morphs, suggesting a complex relationship between neuroendocrine function and reproductive strategies.

Article Abstract

Reproductive success relies on the coordination of social behaviours, such as territory defence, courtship and mating. Species with extreme variation in reproductive tactics are useful models for identifying the neural mechanisms underlying social behaviour plasticity. The plainfin midshipman () is a teleost fish with two male reproductive morphs that follow widely divergent developmental trajectories and display alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). Type I males defend territories, court females and provide paternal care, but will resort to cuckoldry if they cannot maintain a territory. Type II males reproduce only through cuckoldry. We sought to disentangle gene expression patterns underlying behavioural tactic, in this case ARTs, from those solely reflective of developmental morph. Using RNA-sequencing, we investigated differential transcript expression in the preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus (POA-AH) of courting type I males, cuckolding type I males and cuckolding type II males. Unexpectedly, POA-AH differential expression was more strongly coupled to behavioural tactic than morph. This included a suite of transcripts implicated in hormonal regulation of vertebrate social behaviour. Our results reveal that divergent expression patterns in a conserved neuroendocrine centre known to regulate social-reproductive behaviours across vertebrate lineages may be uncoupled from developmental history to enable plasticity in the performance of reproductive tactics.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5805957PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2742DOI Listing

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