Concomitant administration of enteral fluoroquinolones (FQs) with divalent or trivalent cation-containing compounds results in a reduction in FQ bioavailability. A review of enteral FQ administration with regards to the timing of divalent or trivalent cation-containing compounds in pediatric patients revealed a high number of inappropriately administered FQs. Suggestions for reducing the number of inappropriately timed FQ administrations are presented here.
The reduction of stable trivalent lanthanide species (Ln(III)) by the excited states of organic chromophores is the basis of photocatalytic divalent lanthanide-mediated reduction reactions. While indirect evidence of the photochemical formation of the reactive Ln(II) species is abundant, direct spectroscopic evidence of their presence is scarce. Here, nine chromophores with absorptions covering the near UV and visible ranges were systematically investigated in the presence of Ln(III) ions to evaluate their ability to reduce Eu(III) upon excitation with visible light to the catalytically active Eu(II) species.
The NaV(PO) (NVP) cathode holds the merit of a stable 3D NASICON structure for ultrafast Na diffusion, yet it is still confronted with poor electronic conductivity (10 S cm) and insufficient energy density (∼370 W h kg). Herein, a series of high-entropy-doped NaVZn(GaCrAlIn)(PO) ( = 0, 0.2, 0.
Commercially available coumarin 343 in combination with reducible Sm(III) ions catalyzed divalent lanthanide-mediated C═O, C-halogen, P-Cl, and N═N reductions at ambient temperature in aqueous solvent mixtures. The catalyst absorbs visible light efficiently. The active divalent species is formed by photoinduced electron transfer from coumarin 343 to the stable trivalent precursor, and the coumarin could be regenerated by strictly 1 equiv of ascorbic acid.
Although lithium salts are the most successful materials for electrochemical devices so far, there is growing interest in electrolytes containing divalent and trivalent salts, which are characterized by a much higher energy density than lithium systems. For this purpose, the physical and chemical properties of solutions of aluminum nitrate in ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) were studied in a number of works. However, it was demonstrated by the H NMR method that solutions contain water (from aluminum crystallohydrates) in the first solvated shell of the Al cation even after usual drying procedures, and this solvated water cannot be directly detected by the standard Karl Fischer analysis.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Mechanosensitive fluorescent probes are valuable tools for detecting changes in cellular mechanics and viscosity. While numerous mechanosensitive probes have been developed, the construction of molecular assemblies for probing cellular mechanics remains largely unexplored, possibly due to the challenges of designing assemblies with synergistic and integrated functionalities. Here, we report the design and synthesis of mechanosensitive molecular assemblies by integrating DNA frameworks with vibration-induced emission (VIE) probes to enable live-cell membrane tension imaging.
