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Quality of referrals and adherence to guidelines for adult patients with minimal to moderate head injuries in a selection of Norwegian hospitals.
Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg
January 2025
Department of Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postbox 191, Gjøvik, 2802, Norway.
Purpose: This study aimed to assess adherence to the Scandinavian guidelines, the justification of referrals, and the quality of referrals of patients with mild, minimal, and moderate head injuries in a selection of Norwegian hospitals.
Methods: We collected 283 head CT referrals for head trauma patients at one hospital trust in Norway in 2022. The data included the patients' sex, age, and the referral text.
Operating Characteristics of the Simulated Healthy Participant Approach in Impaired Clearance Studies.
AAPS J
January 2025
Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, Pfizer, Groton, Connecticut, U.S.A..
Minimizing harm is a cornerstone of ethical research practices. A drug that has undergone extensive clinical pharmacological testing in healthy participants (HPs) and a diverse selection of patients can be described with a sufficiently predictive population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model. In impaired clearance trials, recruitment is minimized and underpowered for all but major exposure differences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConscientious Objection in Healthcare: The Requirement of Justification, The Moral Threshold, and Military Refusals.
J Relig Ethics
March 2024
Institute of Philosophy at Jagiellonian University in Kraków (Poland) and head of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Ethics at Jagiellonian University, where he leads the project BIOUNCERTAINTY funded by a European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant.
A dogma accepted in many ethical, religious, and legal frameworks is that the reasons behind conscientious objection (CO) in healthcare cannot be evaluated or judged by any institution because conscience is individual and autonomous. This paper shows that this background view is mistaken: the requirement to reveal and explain the reasons for conscientious objection in healthcare is ethically justified and legally desirable. Referring to real healthcare cases and legal regulations, this paper argues that these reasons should be evaluated either ex ante or ex post and defends novel conceptual claims that have not been analyzed in the debates on CO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating factors that impact scoring an open response situational judgment test: a mixed methods approach.
Front Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Research Department, Acuity Insights, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Introduction: Situational judgment tests (SJT) are commonly used in admissions to measure skills associated with professionalism. Although open-response SJTs have shown strong psychometric properties, assessors' personal beliefs, experiences, and cultural backgrounds may influence how they perceive, organize and evaluate information within test takers' diverse responses. Additionally, SJT research typically focuses on reliability and predictive validity, whereas the construct validity of open response SJTs remains underexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParticipant Contributions to Person-Generated Health Data Research Using Mobile Devices: Scoping Review.
J Med Internet Res
January 2025
Biomedical Informatics & Data Science Section, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Background: Mobile devices offer an emerging opportunity for research participants to contribute person-generated health data (PGHD). There is little guidance, however, on how to best report findings from studies leveraging those data. Thus, there is a need to characterize current reporting practices so as to better understand the potential implications for producing reproducible results.
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