Objectives: Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a major cause of death among children under 5 years globally. A rotavirus gastroenteritis surveillance program started in October 2011 in the Central African Republic (CAR) with the Surveillance Epidémiologique en Afrique Centrale (SURVAC) project. We present here genotyping results showing the emergence of G9 and G12 genotypes in Central African Republic.
Results: Among 222 children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis who had a stool sample collected at the sentinel site, Complexe Pédiatrique de Bangui (CPB), Bangui, Central African Republic, 100 (45%) were positive for rotavirus between January 2014 and February 2016. During this period the most common rotavirus strains were G1P[8] (37%), G12P[6] (27%) and G9P[8] (18%).
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5755012 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-3122-7 | DOI Listing |
It is hypothesised that peripheral immune states responding to regional environmental triggers contribute to central neurodegeneration. Region-specific genetic selection pressures require this hypothesis to be assessed in an ancestry specific manner. Here we utilise genome-wide association studies and expression quantitative trait loci from African, East Asian and European ancestries to show that genes causing neurodegeneration are preferentially expressed in innate rather than adaptive immune cells, and that expression of these genes mediates the risk of neurodegenerative disease in monocytes in an ancestry-specific manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Biol
January 2025
Faculty of Sciences, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, UHasselt - Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Background: Stress responses are key the survival of parasites and, consequently, also the evolutionary success of these organisms. Despite this importance, our understanding of the evolution of molecular pathways dealing with environmental stressors in parasitic animals remains limited. Here, we tested the link between adaptive evolution of parasite stress response genes and their ecological diversity and species richness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
South Africa faces both under- and over-nutrition, highlighting the need for prioritizing nutrition services. Registered dietitians are crucial for delivering appropriate and quality nutrition services. Consequently, this case study employs the World Health Organization evidence-based Workload Indicators of Staffing Need to ascertain the requisite dietetic workforce needed at central and tertiary public hospitals in South Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet
January 2025
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Pisa School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy.
Background: Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is standard of care for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma that is amenable to embolisation; however, median progression-free survival is still approximately 7 months. We aimed to assess whether adding durvalumab, with or without bevacizumab, might improve progression-free survival.
Methods: In this multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study (EMERALD-1), adults aged 18 years or older with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma amenable to embolisation, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 at enrolment, and at least one measurable intrahepatic lesion per modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) were enrolled at 157 medical sites including research centres and general and specialist hospitals in 18 countries.
Lancet
January 2025
Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:
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