Pflugers Arch
Institute of Neurobiology, Center of Brain, Behavior & Metabolism, University of Luebeck, Marie Cure Street, 23562, Luebeck, Germany.
Published: February 2018
Life on earth is shaped by the 24-h rotation of our planet around its axes. To adapt behavior and physiology to the concurring profound but highly predictable changes, endogenous circadian clocks have evolved that drive 24-h rhythms in invertebrate and vertebrate species. At the molecular level, circadian clocks comprised a set of clock genes organized in a system of interlocked transcriptional-translational feedback loops. A ubiquitous network of cellular central and peripheral tissue clocks coordinates physiological functions along the day through activation of tissue-specific transcriptional programs. Circadian rhythms impact on diverse physiological processes including the cardiovascular system, energy metabolism, immunity, hormone secretion, and reproduction. This review summarizes our current understanding of the mechanisms of circadian timekeeping in different species, its adaptation by external timing signals and the pathophysiological consequences of circadian disruption.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-017-2103-y | DOI Listing |
Acta Physiol (Oxf)
February 2025
Laboratory of Biological Rhythms, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Aim: Exposure to light at night and meal time misaligned with the light/dark (LD) cycle-typical features of daily life in modern 24/7 society-are associated with negative effects on health. To understand the mechanism, we developed a novel protocol of complex chronodisruption (CD) in which we exposed female rats to four weekly cycles consisting of 5-day intervals of constant light and 2-day intervals of food access restricted to the light phase of the 12:12 LD cycle.
Methods: We examined the effects of CD on behavior, estrous cycle, sleep patterns, glucose homeostasis and profiles of clock- and metabolism-related gene expression (using RT qPCR) and liver metabolome and lipidome (using untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic profiling).
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Background And Objectives: Depression often results in premature aging, which increases the risk of other chronic diseases, but very few studies have analyzed the association between epigenetic biomarkers of aging and depressive symptoms. Similarly, limited research has examined the joint effects of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and chronotype on depressive symptoms, accounting for sex differences. Therefore, these are the objectives of our investigation in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
December 2024
Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
Background/objectives: Circadian clocks are endogenous systems that regulate numerous biological, physiological, and behavioral events in living organisms. Aging attenuates the precision and robustness of circadian clocks, leading to prolonged and dampened circadian gene oscillation rhythms and amplitudes. This study investigated the effects of food-derived polyphenols such as ellagic acid and its metabolites (urolithin A, B, and C) on the aging clock at the cellular level using senescent human fibroblast cells, TIG-3 cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Via Settimio Severo 83, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy.
A circadian clock (CC) has evolved in plants that synchronizes their growth and development with daily and seasonal cycles. A properly functioning circadian clock contributes to increasing plant growth, reproduction, and competitiveness. In plants, continuous light treatment has been a successful approach for obtaining novel knowledge about the circadian clock.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
Laboratory of Chronobiology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications (IBA), National Centre for Scientific Research (NCSR) "Demokritos", 153 41 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
: Pancreatic Ductal Adeno-Carcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer, with limited treatment options. Disruption of the circadian clock, which regulates key cellular processes, has been implicated in PDAC initiation and progression. Hence, targeting circadian clock components may offer new therapeutic opportunities for the disease.
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