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Review of clinical and imaging findings in autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy to aid in early diagnosis.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Objective: Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a novel steroid sensitive autoimmune disease, without a diagnostic consensus. The purpose of this study was to improve early GFAP-A diagnosis by increasing awareness of key clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations.
Methods: Medical records of 13 patients with anti-GFAP antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were reviewed for cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.
Diagnostic challenges of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor in an adult female: illustrative case.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Background: Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) is a rare central nervous system tumor, especially in adult females. Typically, it presents with leptomeningeal enhancements in the basal cisterns and spinal cord. However, varied radiological and pathological features can complicate the diagnosis, as the present case illustrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneuronal Tumor: A Rare Clinico-radiological Masquerade.
Neurol India
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Clinico-Pathological Features of Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27-Altered in Adults: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature with an Additional Single-Institution Case Series.
Diagnostics (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3 K27-altered, is a WHO grade 4 malignant glioma located at midline structures, including the thalamus, brainstem and spinal cord. While H3 K27-altered DMG is more common in pediatric age in which it shows a uniformly aggressive clinical behavior, its occurrence is relatively unusual among adults, and its clinico-pathological and prognostic features are not fully characterized in this age group. In this present paper, a review of the literature, including all cases of adult H3 K27-altered DMG published from January 2010 to December 2023 was performed, and the following clinical parameters were evaluated: sex, age (median and range), anatomic site, median follow-up, leptomeningeal dissemination, local recurrence and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMRI findings in six dogs with ependymoma of the brain and spinal cord.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound
January 2025
Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Radiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
There are few published descriptions of the MRI appearance of canine intracranial or spinal cord ependymoma. In this multicenter, retrospective, secondary analysis, case series study, three veterinary radiologists independently reviewed and recorded imaging characteristics of MRI studies in six dogs with histopathologically confirmed ependymoma (three intracranial and three spinal cord cases). A consensus was reached when there was disagreement on specific features.
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