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BACKGROUND Acalculous cholecystitis is a rare form of gallbladder inflammation that occurs without the presence of gallstones. It primarily affects critically ill patients and warrants prompt treatment given its association with high mortality. Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, typically arises from viral infections but can also be secondary to rheumatological, malignant, or bacterial causes.

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Heterotopic pancreas of the gallbladder: A case report of a rare and commonly incidental finding.

Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg

January 2025

Northern Hospital, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Heterotopic pancreas (HP) refers to the presence of ectopic pancreatic tissue located outside of the normal pancreatic location without anatomical or vascular continuity with the pancreas. HP within the gallbladder (HPGB) was first described by Otschkin in 1916. It remains an exceedingly rare pathology with few reported cases.

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Background: Treating gangrenous cholecystitis (GC) can be a challenge. It necessitates urgent intervention due to its elevated mortality risk. Prompt identification of risk factors and intervention are essential for halting inflammatory cascade and preventing further complications.

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In this review, we highlight current understanding of the pathogenesis of acalculous cholecystitis, as well as its key imaging and clinical features. We also review what happens after a diagnosis and outline current interventional methods.

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Gallbladder perforation in acalculous cholecystitis is rare and has a high mortality rate due to biliary peritonitis and sepsis. Here, we present a case series of successful laparoscopic management of Spontaneous gallbladder perforation in acalculous cholecystitis. In the first case, a 44-year-old male patient presented to the emergency room with a history of three days of fever with chills and acute pain in the abdomen for two days.

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