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Pain-Induced Delirium in Patient with Dementia: A Case Report and Narrative Review.
J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother
November 2024
Psychiatrist Consultant, Department of Psychiatry, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Pain management is the hallmark of palliative care; however, pain is commonly underassessed in cases of advanced dementia and delirium (acute confusional state). We present a case of a 66-year-old female patient with severe dementia who was hospitalized because of behavioral changes and sleep disturbance. Symptoms of confusion, disorientation, inattention, and agitation were most severe at night.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Diagnosis and management of delirium in older adults].
Rev Med Interne
November 2024
Clinical Gerontology Department, CHU of Nantes, Nantes, France.
Article Synopsis
- * It functions like "acute brain failure," often triggered by other health problems like infections or metabolic issues, and can have serious impacts on patients and the healthcare system.
- * The review focuses on diagnosing delirium in older adults, discussing available screening tools, exploring its relationship with dementia, and outlining both non-drug and drug management strategies for treatment.
The Management and Prevention of Delirium in Elderly Patients Hospitalised in Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review.
Nurs Rep
October 2024
SAPIENF Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Background: Delirium or an acute confusional state (ACS) is characterised as being a frequent and complex hospital complication in older adult patients, which can affect their level of independence and increase patient morbidity and mortality. Critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) frequently develop ICU delirium, leading to longer hospital and ICU stays, increased mortality and long-term impairment.
Objectives: This review aims to assess existing evidence of interventions that can be considered effective for the management and prevention of delirium in ICUs, reducing short-term morbidity and mortality, ICU and hospital admission times and the occurrence of other long-term complications.
[Hyperammoniemic encephalopathy: beyond the hepatic cause].
Rev Med Suisse
October 2024
Service de médecine interne générale, Département de médecine, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14.
Hyperammoniemic encephalopathy is part of the differential -diagnosis in the presence of an acute confusional state. Although associated with liver dysfunction in the majority of cases, it can be observed in many other clinical situations. Often not investigated, the dosage of ammonium in the blood should be integrated in the biological work-up of encephalopathy of unknown origin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Relationship between Delirium and Dementia.
Semin Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Delirium and dementia are common causes of cognitive impairment in older adults. They are distinct but interrelated. Delirium, an acute confusional state, has been linked to the chronic and progressive loss of cognitive ability seen in dementia.
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