Ilizarov technique: Bone transport versus bone shortening-lengthening for tibial bone and soft-tissue defects.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of bone transport and bone shortening-lengthening by Ilizarov technique for treatment of tibial bone and soft-tissue defects.

Methods: Fifty patients with tibial bone and soft-tissue defects were treated by Ilizarov technique from January 2007 to June 2016. Two subgroups were treated by either bone transport (group A) containing 28 cases or bone shortening-lengthening (group B) including 22 cases.

Results: Bony union was achieved at the distracted sites with a mean of 236 days in group A, while 240 days in group B, showing no significant difference (t = -0.931, P = 0.308). The mean fixation index was 3.91 d/mm and 3.92 d/mm, respectively. There was no obvious difference (t = 2.839, P = 0.006) of the mean union time at the docking sites with 376 days and 320 days, respectively. According to the Paley's criterion, 21 patients had excellent bony union and 5 good in group A, as compared to 18 excellent and 4 good in group B, but no significant difference (X = -0.308, P = 0.741) was observed. The functional results were excellent in 11 patients, good in 10 and fair in 7, as well as 15 complications in group A, compared with 7 excellent, 10 good and 5 fair, together with 12 complications in group B, and there were no remarkable difference (X = -0.323, P = 0.751; X = -0.590, P = 0.562).

Conclusion: Overall, the outcomes are similar of bone transport or bone shortening-lengthening by using Ilizarov technique for treatment of tibial bone and soft-tissue defects, although the latter has less union time and higher healing rate.