AI Article Synopsis
- - Bihar has a high rate of snakebite deaths in India, and a study of 608 cases reveals that delays in hospital treatment significantly increase the risk of poor outcomes for patients, especially if they visit traditional healers first.
- - Reaching a hospital within 1.5 hours and using a motorbike for transport are crucial for improving survival chances, while children under 15 and bites to the upper limbs are identified as higher-risk factors.
- - Patients who are envenomated face even worse outcomes if they are referred due to unavailable antivenom, highlighting the need for quick hospital access and proper medical resources to save lives.
Article Abstract
Bihar is the state with the third largest number of snakebite deaths per year in India. This prospective, one-year study of 608 snakebites provides the first data from Bihar on determinants of unfavourable outcomes in snakebites. Any delay in reaching hospital raised the risk of a snakebite patient for an unfavourable outcome [OR 8.88, CI 2.04-38.8]. Attending a traditional practitioner prior to presenting to the hospital was the only specific, significant delay [OR 3.52, CI 1.26-9.7]. Prevention of unfavourable outcomes occurred by presenting to hospital in less than 1.5 hours [OR 0.23, CI 0.052-1.0]. Motorbike was the best mode of transport [OR 0.37, CI 0.12-1.1]. Other risk factors were patients aged under 15 years [OR 3.79, CI 1.57-9.12] and bites to the upper limb [OR 2.47, CI 1.01-6.04]. Patients who were envenomated had a higher risk of unfavourable outcome, if referred due to antivenom being unavailable [OR 12.2, CI 1.49-100]. To save lives, it is imperative that measures to reduce delays in getting patients to hospital must be included in snakebite management, alongside continued availability of antivenom and assisted ventilation.
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