Objectives: High rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are seen throughout Southeast Asia. However, limited AMR data exist for Timor-Leste, which is situated on the south-eastern portion of the Malay Archipelago. The purpose of this study was to identify AMR in bacteria isolated from urine and skin swabs from patients in Dili, the capital of Timor-Leste.
Methods: Urine and skin swabs were collected from symptomatic patients in Timor-Leste and were processed for bacterial culture. Isolates were processed in Australia using a VITEK2 system for bacterial identification and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results: A total of 154 urine isolates and 57 skin isolates were analysed. Of the Enterobacteriaceae, 35% were resistant to ceftriaxone with an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing phenotype. Carbapenem resistance was not observed in any of the Gram-negative isolates. Of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 11% were of the community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) phenotype.
Conclusions: A moderately high proportion of Gram-negative urine isolates in Timor-Leste demonstrate phenotypic ESBL production, and a relatively low proportion of S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant. Improved understanding of AMR rates in Timor-Leste can help guide antimicrobial prescribing and inform antimicrobial stewardship strategies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2017.12.010 | DOI Listing |
BMC Infect Dis
December 2024
Central Laboratory, Chongqing Public Health Medical Centre, Chongqing, China.
Background: In acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients, Talaromyces marneffei infections are mostly disseminated and may involve the skin, mucosa, respiratory system, digestive system, lymphatic system, and as some reports indicate, the nervous system. Mp1p, a cell wall-specific polysaccharide in Talaromyces marneffei, is used for laboratory diagnosis of Talaromyces marneffei in blood and urine samples. However, Cerebrospinal fluid Mp1p diagnosis of Talaromyces marneffei central nervous system infection has not been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Int
December 2024
Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA. Electronic address:
High ambient heat can directly influence blood pressure (BP) through the vasodilation of the skin vasculature and indirectly by affecting urinary volume and electrolyte levels. We evaluated the direct and urine electrolyte-mediated effects of ambient temperature on BP. We pooled 5,624 person-visit data from a community-based stepped-wedge randomized control trial in southwest coastal Bangladesh from December 2016 to May 2017.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Braz J Urol
December 2024
Serviço de Urologia - Hospital Federal da Lagoa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Objective: The current management for complex urethral strictures commonly uses open reconstruction with buccal mucosa urethroplasty. However, there are multiple situations whereby buccal mucosa is inadequate (pan-urethral stricture or prior buccal harvest) or inappropriate for utilization (heavy tobacco use or oral radiation). Multiple options exist for use as alternatives or adjuncts to buccal mucosa in complex urethral strictures (injectable antifibrotic agents, augmentation urethroplasty with skin flaps, lingual mucosa, bladder mucosa, colonic mucosa, and new developments in tissue engineering for urethral graft material) (1, 2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Department of Dermatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.
is a dimorphic fungus that causes pulmonary, disseminated, or, rarely, primary cutaneous disease. Primary cutaneous histoplasmosis presents with non-specific skin lesions, which can lead to poor patient outcomes due to diagnostic challenges and delays in diagnosis. A 62-year-old male on immunosuppressive medications for lupus nephritis presented to the emergency department with 24 hours of altered mental status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Dis Clin North Am
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, F4005 University Hospital South, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address:
Blastomycosis is caused primarily by Blastomyces dermatitidis. The fungus is a mold in the environment, causing infection when conidia are dispersed and inhaled. In the lungs, the organism transforms into the yeast phase.
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