Previous measurements of cell populations might obscure many important cellular differences, and new strategies for single-cell analyses are urgently needed to re-examine these fundamental biological principles for better diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Electrochemistry is a robust technique for the analysis of single living cells that has the advantages of minor interruption of cellular activity and provides the capability of high spatiotemporal resolution. The achievements of the past 30 years have revealed significant information about the exocytotic events of single cells to elucidate the mechanisms of cellular activity. Currently, the rapid developments of micro/nanofabrication and optoelectronic technologies drive the development of multifunctional electrodes and novel electrochemical approaches with higher resolution for single cells. In this Perspective, three new frontiers in this field, namely, electrochemical microscopy, intracellular analysis, and single-cell analysis in a biological system (i.e., neocortex and retina), are reviewed. The unique features and remaining challenges of these techniques are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.7b00711 | DOI Listing |
Carbohydr Res
January 2025
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Campus Scientifico E. Mattei, via Ca' Le Suore 2, 61029, Urbino, PU, Italy. Electronic address:
Cinnamic Acid Sugar Ester Derivatives (CASEDs) are a class of natural compounds that exhibit several interesting biological activities. However, to date, no examples of their use in sunscreen formulations have been reported. Here, we describe the synthesis of a series of novel cinnamic acid esters of glucose (4a-g), ribose (4h) and lactose (4i) starting from the respective acetals 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioconjug Chem
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-5127, United States.
Red blood cells (RBCs) serve as natural transporters and can be modified to enhance the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a protein cargo. Affinity targeting of Factor IX (FIX) to the RBC membrane is a promising approach to improve the (pro)enzyme's pharmacokinetics. For RBC targeting, purified human FIX was conjugated to the anti-mouse glycophorin A monoclonal antibody Ter119.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5061, United States.
The recent development of modular universal chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell platforms that use bifunctional adaptor intermediates to redirect engineered T-cell effector function has greatly expanded the capabilities of adoptive T-cell therapy, enabling safer and more comprehensive cancer treatment. However, universal CAR receptor systems rely on unstable transient recognition of tag-coupled intermediates for T-cell activation, and the array of targeting intermediates has been limited to antibodies and small molecules. Addressing these shortcomings, we engineered universal CAR T-cell receptors that can be covalently modified with synthetic biomaterials by accelerated SpyCatcher003-SpyTag003 chemistry for cancer-cell targeting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDelayed fracture healing (DFH), a common complication of post-fracture surgery, exhibits an incompletely understood pathogenesis. The present study endeavors to investigate the roles and underlying mechanisms of miR-656-3p and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) in DFH. It was recruited 94 patients with normal fracture healing (NFH) and 88 patients with DFH of the femoral neck.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome
January 2025
Dalhousie University, Biology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;
The actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic mesh of filaments that provide structural support for cells and respond to external deformation forces. Active sensing of these forces is crucial for the function of the actin cytoskeleton, and some actin crosslinkers accomplish it. One such crosslinker is filamin, a highly conserved actin crosslinker dimeric protein with an elastic region capable of responding to mechanical changes in the actin cytoskeleton.
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