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Reduced vacuolar ATPase protects mice from Friend virus infection - an unintended but instructive effect in Hif-2afl mice.
J Cell Sci
June 2024
Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
During acute viral infections, innate immune cells invade inflamed tissues and face hypoxic areas. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) adapt cellular responses towards these conditions. We wanted to investigate the effects of a loss of HIF-2α in macrophages during acute Friend murine leukemia retrovirus (FV) infection in C57BL/6 mice using a Cre/loxP system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParticipant perspectives on incentives for TB preventative therapy adherence and reduced alcohol use: A qualitative study.
PLOS Glob Public Health
April 2024
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
Economic incentives to promote health behavior change are highly efficacious for substance use disorders as well as increased medication adherence. Knowledge about participants' experiences with and perceptions of incentives is needed to understand their mechanisms of action and optimize future incentive-based interventions. The Drinkers' Intervention to Prevent Tuberculosis (DIPT) trial enrolled people with HIV (PWH) in Uganda with latent tuberculosis and unhealthy alcohol use in a 2x2 factorial trial that incentivized recent alcohol abstinence and isoniazid (INH) adherence on monthly urine testing while on INH preventive therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe hypoxia-regulated ectonucleotidase CD73 is a host determinant of HIV latency.
Cell Rep
November 2023
Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Deciphering the mechanisms underlying viral persistence is critical to achieving a cure for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Here, we implement a systems approach to discover molecular signatures of HIV latently infected CD4 T cells, identifying the immunosuppressive, adenosine-producing ectonucleotidase CD73 as a key surface marker of latent cells. Hypoxic conditioning, reflecting the lymphoid tissue microenvironment, increases the frequency of CD73 CD4 T cells and promotes HIV latency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntersecting epidemics: COVID-19 and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review (2020-2022).
J Public Health Afr
October 2023
Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
There has been significant progress with regards to winning the fight against HIV globally, particularly due to the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART). COVID-19 threatened to derail gains in the fight against HIV. As we have started to see with studies on COVID-19 and HIV, there is a need to 'provide an in-depth view' in understanding the dynamics between the two epidemics, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.
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