Viperin is a radical SAM enzyme that possesses antiviral properties against a broad range of enveloped viruses. Here, we describe the activity of human viperin with two molecules of the mevalonate pathway, geranyl pyrophosphate, and farnesyl pyrophosphate, involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. We postulate that the radical modification of these two molecules by viperin might lead to defects in cholesterol synthesis, thereby affecting the composition of lipid rafts and subsequent enveloped virus budding.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.12941 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Metabolic Dependency Shapes Bivalent Antiviral Response in Host Cells in Response to Poly:IC: The Role of Glutamine.
Viruses
August 2024
PIMIT-Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme CYROI, Université de La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
The establishment of effective antiviral responses within host cells is intricately related to their metabolic status, shedding light on immunometabolism. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that cellular reliance on glutamine metabolism contributes to the development of a potent antiviral response. We evaluated the antiviral response in the presence or absence of L-glutamine in the culture medium, revealing a bivalent response hinging on cellular metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV-induced RSAD2/Viperin supports sustained infection of monocyte-derived macrophages.
J Virol
October 2024
Gene Expression and Regulation Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Unlabelled: HIV establishes long-term latent infection in memory CD4 T cells and also establishes sustained long-term productive infection in macrophages, especially in the central nervous system (CNS). To better understand how HIV sustains infection in macrophages, we performed RNAseq analysis after infection of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) with the brain-derived HIV-1 strain YU2 and compared this with acute infection of CD4 T cells. HIV infection in MDM and CD4 T cells altered many gene transcripts, but with few overlaps between these different cell types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCytosolic DNA sensors activation of human astrocytes inhibits herpes simplex virus through IRF1 induction.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
May 2024
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Introduction: While astrocytes participate in the CNS innate immunity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, they are the major target for the virus. Therefore, it is of importance to understand the interplay between the astrocyte-mediated immunity and HSV-1 infection.
Methods: Both primary human astrocytes and the astrocyte line (U373) were used in this study.
RSAD2 is abundant in atherosclerotic plaques and promotes interferon-induced CXCR3-chemokines in human smooth muscle cells.
Sci Rep
April 2024
School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
In atherosclerotic lesions, monocyte-derived macrophages are major source of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), a pleotropic cytokine known to regulate the expression of numerous genes, including the antiviral gene RSAD2. While RSAD2 was reported to be expressed in endothelial cells of human carotid lesions, its significance for the development of atherosclerosis remains utterly unknown. Here, we harnessed publicly available human carotid atherosclerotic data to explore RSAD2 in lesions and employed siRNA-mediated gene-knockdown to investigate its function in IFN-γ-stimulated human aortic smooth muscle cells (hAoSMCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronavirus hijacks STX18-ATG14 axis-regulated lipophagy to evade an anti-viral effect.
Autophagy
August 2024
Department of basic research, Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
ATG14 is a core subunit of the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I (PtdIns3K-C1) for macroautophagy/autophagy initiation and also binds to the STX17 to promote autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Our recent work found that ATG14 also targets lipid droplets (LDs) and interacts with mammalian Atg8-family proteins (ATG8s) to mediate lipophagy (selective autophagic degradation of lipid droplets). We also demonstrated that STX18 (syntaxin 18) acts as a negative regulator that disrupts the interactions of ATG14-ATG8s and the formation of the PtdIns3K-C1 through binding to ATG14.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!