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Distribution of Abundant and Active Planktonic Ciliates in Coastal and Slope Waters Off New England. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Research on marine ciliate diversity is limited, particularly regarding the active members of these communities, which play a crucial role in marine food webs.
  • This study examines ciliate communities off the New England coast using DNA and RNA analysis to identify both abundant and active taxa across different depths and locations.
  • Findings reveal a diverse range of active ciliates even below the photic zone, highlighting distinct assemblages based on depth and proximity to shore, and uncovering biodiversity not detected by traditional DNA methods.

Article Abstract

Despite their important role of linking microbial and classic marine food webs, data on biogeographical patterns of microbial eukaryotic grazers are limited, and even fewer studies have used molecular tools to assess active (i.e., those expressing genes) community members. Marine ciliate diversity is believed to be greatest at the chlorophyll maximum, where there is an abundance of autotrophic prey, and is often assumed to decline with depth. Here, we assess the abundant (DNA) and active (RNA) marine ciliate communities throughout the water column at two stations off the New England coast (Northwest Atlantic)-a coastal station 43 km from shore (40 m depth) and a slope station 135 km off shore (1,000 m). We analyze ciliate communities using a DNA fingerprinting technique, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE), which captures patterns of abundant community members. We compare estimates of ciliate communities from SSU-rDNA (abundant) and SSU-rRNA (active) and find complex patterns throughout the water column, including many active lineages below the photic zone. Our analyses reveal (1) a number of widely-distributed taxa that are both abundant and active; (2) considerable heterogeneity in patterns of presence/absence of taxa in offshore samples taken 50 m apart throughout the water column; and (3) three distinct ciliate assemblages based on position from shore and depth. Analysis of active (RNA) taxa uncovers biodiversity hidden to traditional DNA-based approaches (e.g., clone library, rDNA amplicon studies).

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5715329PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02178DOI Listing

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