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J Med Microbiol
January 2025
Animal and Agriculture Department, Hartpury University, Gloucester, GL19 3BE, UK.
Microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) consisting of the rumen and hindgut (the small intestine, cecum and colon) in dairy calves play a vital role in their growth and development. This review discusses the development of dairy calf intestinal microbiomes with an emphasis on the impact that husbandry and rearing management have on microbiome development, health and growth of pre-weaned dairy calves. The diversity and composition of the microbes that colonize the lower GIT (small and large intestine) can have a significant impact on the growth and development of the calf, through influence on nutrient metabolism, immune modulation, resistance or susceptibility to infection, production outputs and behaviour modification in adult life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRheumatology (Oxford)
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Objectives: The 2022 European Society of Cardiology and European Respiratory Society (ESC/ERS) Guidelines for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) recommend risk stratification to optimize management. However, the performance of generic PAH risk stratification tools in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc)-associated PAH remains unclear. Our objective was to identify the most accurate approach for risk stratification at SSc-PAH diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater
February 2025
CSIRO Division of Mineral Products, Port Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
The crystallographic phase change from tetragonal litharge (α-PbO; P4/nmm) to orthorhombic massicot (β-PbO; Pbcm) has been studied by full-matrix Rietveld analysis of high-temperature neutron powder diffraction data collected in equal steps from ambient temperature up to 925 K and back down to 350 K. The phase transformation takes place between 850 and 925 K, with the coexisting phases having equal abundance by weight at 885 K. The product massicot remains metastable on cooling to near ambient temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
January 2025
Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Platinum(II) complexes prevail as first-line treatment for many cancers but are associated with serious side effects and resistance development. Picoplatin emerged as a promising alternative to circumvent GSH-induced tumor resistance by introducing a bulky 2-picoline ligand. Although clinical studies were encouraging, picoplatin did not receive approval.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Health Perspect
January 2025
Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Background: Various countries have instituted risk governance measures to control and minimize the risks of chemicals at the national and international levels. Activities typically include risk assessment based on ) hazard and exposure assessments; ) setting limits on the production, use, and emissions of chemicals; ) enforcement of regulations; and ) monitoring the effectiveness of the measures taken. These steps largely depend on chemical analysis and access to pure chemical reference standards.
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