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Immunodominant cytomegalovirus-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in sub-Saharan African populations. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - More than 90% of African children are infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV) by age one, but the CD8+ T-cell responses that control the virus have not been well researched in these populations.
  • - A study of 257 subjects identified specific CD8+ T-cell responses to CMV proteins using IFN-γ ELISpot assays and bioinformatics to find 16 novel CMV-specific epitopes linked to certain HLA class I molecules.
  • - One significant finding was an IE-2-specific epitope restricted by HLA*B*44:03, which produced strong CD8+ T-cell responses in 95% of tested individuals with this HLA type, suggesting implications for understanding immune

Article Abstract

More than 90% of children in Africa are infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV) by the age of 12 months. However, the high-frequency, immunodominant CD8+ T-cell responses that control CMV infection have not been well studied in African populations. We therefore sought to define the immunodominant CMV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses within sub-Saharan African study subjects. Among 257 subjects, we determined the CD8+ T-cell responses to overlapping peptides spanning three of the most immunogenic CMV proteins, pp65, IE-1 and IE-2, using IFN-γ ELISpot assays. A bioinformatics tool was used to predict optimal epitopes within overlapping peptides whose recognition was statistically associated with expression of particular HLA class I molecules. Using this approach, we identified 16 predicted novel CMV-specific epitopes within CMV-pp65, IE-1 and IE-2. The immunodominant pp65-specific, IE-1, IE-2 responses were all either previously well characterised or were confirmed using peptide-MHC tetramers. The novel epitopes identified included an IE-2-specific epitope restricted by HLA*B*44:03 that induced high-frequency CD8+ T-cell responses (mean 3.4% of CD8+ T-cells) in 95% of HLA-B*44:03-positive subjects tested, in one individual accounting for 18.8% of all CD8+ T-cells. These predicted novel CMV-specific CD8+ T-cell epitopes identified in an African cohort will facilitate future analyses of immune responses in African populations where CMV infection is almost universal during infancy.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5726643PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0189612PLOS

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