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http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ubj88.01.126 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago-Kent College of Law, Chicago, USA.
There are pervasive gender gaps throughout the patent process. Here, we add to the literature by providing an in-depth analysis of gendered outcomes across each stage of patent prosecution. We show that female inventors are more likely to face rejection, experience unsuccessful appeals, and exhibit lower responsiveness to rejections than male counterparts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
January 2025
Biosecurity, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States.
Research typically promotes two types of outcomes (inventions and discoveries), which induce a virtuous cycle: something suspected or desired (not previously demonstrated) may become known or feasible once a new tool or procedure is invented and, later, the use of this invention may discover new knowledge. Research also promotes the opposite sequence-from new knowledge to new inventions. This bidirectional process is observed in geo-referenced epidemiology-a field that relates to but may also differ from spatial epidemiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChirality
January 2025
Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Chiral pesticides often undergo enantioselective degradation during food fermentation. In this study, the enantioselective fates of seven chiral pesticides during processing of wine and rice wine were investigated. The results revealed that R-metalaxyl, R-mefentrifluconazole and S-hexaconazole were preferentially degraded during wine processing with EF values of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
February 2025
Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Applied Chemistry, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Simhat, Haringhata, West Bengal, 741249, India. Electronic address:
Background: The intellectual progress in fabricating artificial probes for selective appraisal of biologically admissible amino acids has displayed exponential growth in recent era.The neoteric era in material science has witnessed the significant application of carbon quantum dots (CQDs). However, the hybrid microgel of CQDs was less explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Child Adolesc Health
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. Electronic address:
Background: Procalcitonin is a rapid response biomarker specific for bacterial infection, which is not routinely used in the UK National Health Service. We aimed to assess whether using a procalcitonin-guided algorithm would safely reduce the duration of antibiotic therapy compared with usual care, in which C-reactive protein is the commonly used biomarker.
Methods: The BATCH trial was a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, parallel, two-arm, individually randomised, controlled trial conducted in 15 hospitals in England and Wales.
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