AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigated the expression of neuregulin-1 (NRG1) mRNA isoforms and proteins in the blood of clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls.
  • Elevated levels of certain NRG1 mRNA isoforms (EGFα, EGFβ, and type I) were found in schizophrenia patients, while serum levels of NRG1-β1 protein were lower, although smoking status impacted this difference.
  • The research highlighted a negative correlation between specific NRG1 isoforms and the age of onset of schizophrenia, but did not find significant associations with clozapine dosage or levels in the blood, marking a comprehensive examination of NRG1 in this context.

Article Abstract

Differential expression of neuregulin-1 (NRG1) mRNA isoforms and proteins has been reported in schizophrenia, primarily in post-mortem brain tissue. In this study, we examined 12 NRG1 SNPs, eight NRG1 mRNA isoforms (type I, type I, type II, type III, type IV, EGFα, EGFβ, pan-NRG1) in whole blood, and NRG1-β1 protein in serum of clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients (N = 71) and healthy controls (N = 57). In addition, using cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 15 healthy individuals, we examined the effect of clozapine on NRG1 mRNA isoform and protein expression. We found elevated levels of NRG1 mRNA, specifically the EGFα (P = 0.0175), EGFβ (P = 0.002) and type I (P = 0.023) containing transcripts, but lower NRG1-β1 serum protein levels (P = 0.019) in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls. However, adjusting for smoking status attenuated the difference in NRG1-β1 serum levels (P = 0.050). Examination of clinical factors showed NRG1 EGFα (P = 0.02) and EGFβ (P = 0.02) isoform expression was negatively correlated with age of onset. However, we found limited evidence that NRG1 mRNA isoform or protein expression was associated with current chlorpromazine equivalent dose or clozapine plasma levels, the latter corroborated by our PBMC clozapine exposure experiment. Our SNP analysis found no robust expression quantitative trait loci. Our results represent the first comprehensive investigation of NRG1 isoforms and protein expression in the blood of clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients and suggest levels of some NRG1 transcripts are upregulated in those with schizophrenia.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5802529PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-017-0041-2DOI Listing

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