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CALR mutational status identifies different disease subtypes of essential thrombocythemia showing distinct expression profiles. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are two types of Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms characterized by an increase in red blood cells and platelets, respectively; both diseases often involve mutations in the JAK2 gene.
  • - About 50-70% of ET patients have the JAK2 V617F mutation, while some carry CALR mutations, which are associated with fewer blood clots and different cellular characteristics, including distinct gene and miRNA expression profiles.
  • - Research shows that CALR-mutated cells have lower expression of genes related to DNA repair and thrombosis, supporting the idea that CALR-mutated ET could be classified as a

Article Abstract

Polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) characterized by erythrocytosis and thrombocytosis, respectively. Approximately 95% of PV and 50-70% of ET patients harbor the V617F mutation in the exon 14 of JAK2 gene, while about 20-30% of ET patients carry CALRins5 or CALRdel52 mutations. These ET CALR-mutated subjects show higher platelet count and lower thrombotic risk compared to JAK2-mutated patients. Here, we showed that CALR-mutated and JAK2V617F-positive CD34+ cells display different gene and miRNA expression profiles. Indeed, we highlighted several pathways differentially activated between JAK2V617F- and CALR-mutated progenitors, i.e., mTOR, MAPK/PI3K, and MYC pathways. Furthermore, we unveiled that the expression of several genes involved in DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, splicing, and chromatid cohesion are decreased in CALR-mutated cells. According to the low risk of thrombosis in CALR-mutated patients, we also found the downregulation of several genes involved in thrombin signaling and platelet activation. As a whole, these data support the model that CALR-mutated ET could be considered as a distinct disease entity from JAK2V617F-positive MPNs and may provide the molecular basis supporting the different clinical features of these patients.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5802509PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41408-017-0010-2DOI Listing

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