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Background: Time perception associated with durations from 1 s to several minutes involves activity in the right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC). It is unclear whether altering the activity of the rPPC affects an individual's timing performance. Here, we investigated the human timing performance under the application of transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) that altered the neural activities of the rPPC.
Methods: We measured the participants' duration-discrimination threshold by administering a behavioral task during the tDCS application. The tDCS conditions consisted of anodal, cathodal, and sham conditions. The electrodes were placed over the P4 position (10-20 system) and on the left supraorbital forehead. On each task trial, the participant observed two visual stimuli and indicated which was longer. The amount of difference between the two stimulus durations was varied repeatedly throughout the trials according to the participant's responses. The correct answer rate of the trials was calculated for each amount of difference, and the minimum amount with the correct answer rate exceeding 75% was selected as the threshold. The data were analyzed by a linear mixed-effects models procedure.
Results: Nineteen volunteers participated in the experiment. We excluded three participants from the analysis: two who reported extreme sleepiness while performing the task and one who could recognize the sham condition correctly with confidence. Our analysis of the 16 participants' data showed that the average value of the thresholds observed under the cathodal condition was lower than that of the sham condition. This suggests that inhibition of the rPPC leads to an improvement in temporal discrimination performance, resulting in improved timing performance.
Conclusions: In the present study, we found a new effect that cathodal tDCS over the rPPC enhances temporal discrimination performance. In terms of the existence of anodal/cathodal tDCS effects on human timing performance, the results were consistent with a previous study that investigated temporal reproduction performance during tDCS application. However, the results of the current study further indicated that cathodal tDCS over the rPPC increases accuracy of observed time duration rather than inducing an overestimation as a previous study reported.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5715553 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40101-017-0157-3 | DOI Listing |
Cochlear Implants Int
December 2024
Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Seth GS Medical College & K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Introduction: Wolfram syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, is characterised by diabetes insipidus, juvenile diabetes mellitus, optic nerve atrophy and deafness (DIDMOAD).
Case Report: We present a case of a 21-year-old male diagnosed with Wolfram syndrome who underwent cochlear implantation due to progressive hearing loss. The patient first complained of bilateral hearing loss at the age of 8 years.
Cogn Neurodyn
December 2024
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, 130102 Jilin People's Republic of China.
The utilization of Electroencephalography (EEG) for emotion recognition has emerged as the primary tool in the field of affective computing. Traditional supervised learning methods are typically constrained by the availability of labeled data, which can result in weak generalizability of learned features. Additionally, EEG signals are highly correlated with human emotional states across temporal, spatial, and spectral dimensions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Nurs
December 2024
School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Aim: To investigate the risk factors associated with frailty in older patients with ischaemic stroke, develop a nomogram and apply it clinically.
Design: A cross-sectional study.
Methods: Altogether, 567 patients who experienced ischaemic strokes between March and December 2023 were temporally divided into training (n = 452) and validation (n = 115) sets and dichotomised into frail and non-frail groups using the Tilburg Frailty Indicator scale.
J Am Med Dir Assoc
December 2024
School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Objectives: Malnutrition is generally studied to be involved in outlining hazard frailty trajectories, resulting in adverse outcomes. In view of frailty's multidimensional nature, we aimed to assess the contribution of nutritional items in existing frailty tools to adverse outcomes, and develop and validate a nutritional frailty phenotype based on machine learning.
Design: A population-based prospective cohort study.
Clin Rheumatol
December 2024
Department of Nephrology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China.
Objective: To develop and validate prediction models for estimating the activity index (AI) of kidney histopathology in lupus nephritis (LN) using clinical and laboratory data.
Methods: This study used single-center data from patients with kidney biopsy-confirmed LN between January 2012 and March 2022. The development and validation datasets were temporally cut.
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