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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection can lead to various outcomes, including active tuberculosis or latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Household contacts of TB cases have a high risk of acquiring LTBI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegioselective 1,4-Addition of P(O)-H Species to In SituFormed 1-Benzopyrylium Ion from C3-Substituted 2-Chromene Hemiketals to Construct C3-Functionalized C4-Phosphorylated 4-Chromenes.
J Org Chem
January 2025
Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610016, P.R. China.
Herein, we report the first example that P(O)-H species including -phosphonates and -phosphine oxides could participate in a highly regioselective 1,4-addition to in situ generated 1-benzopyrylium ion from C3-substituted 2-chromene hemiketals, which provides a brand-new and effective approach for the synthesis of C4-phosphorylated 4-chromenes with diverse C3-functionality (ketone, ester, sulfonyl, aryl, and alkyl groups). In total, the reaction features the use of inexpensive Zn(ClO)·6HO as a catalyst, low catalyst loading (only 5 mol %), mild reaction conditions (60 °C, 10 min to 24 h), and broad substrate scope (46 examples) as well as good to high yields (>90% yield on average). More importantly, mechanistic experiments demonstrated the essential role of the C3-substituent on 2-chromene hemiketals in stabilizing the in situ generated 1-benzopyrylium ion and the regioselective 1,4-addition control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Longitudinal Relationship Between Co-Rumination and Emotional Problems in Early Chinese Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Self-Compassion.
Psychol Rep
January 2025
School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
The longitudinal relationship between co-rumination and emotional problems has been understudied, particularly regarding the role of protective factors in moderating the relationship. This study employed a cross-lagged analysis to examine the bi-directional relationship between co-rumination and emotional problems, and the moderating role of self-compassion in this dynamic. The participants comprised 814 Chinese junior school students (M = 13.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFlamingo participates in multiple models of cell competition.
Elife
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.
The growth and survival of cells with different fitness, such as those with a proliferative advantage or a deleterious mutation, is controlled through cell competition. During development, cell competition enables healthy cells to eliminate less fit cells that could jeopardize tissue integrity, and facilitates the elimination of pre-malignant cells by healthy cells as a surveillance mechanism to prevent oncogenesis. Malignant cells also benefit from cell competition to promote their expansion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAberrant auditory prediction patterns robustly characterize tinnitus.
Elife
December 2024
Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Phantom perceptions like tinnitus occur without any identifiable environmental or bodily source. The mechanisms and key drivers behind tinnitus are poorly understood. The dominant framework, suggesting that tinnitus results from neural hyperactivity in the auditory pathway following hearing damage, has been difficult to investigate in humans and has reached explanatory limits.
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