Anterograde Tract Tracing for Assaying Axonopathy and Transport Deficits in Glaucoma.

Methods Mol Biol

Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.

Published: July 2018

Whether to stage degeneration or investigate early pathology in glaucoma, examination of axonal structure and function is essential. There are a wide variety of methods available to investigators using animal models of glaucoma, with varying utilities depending on the questions asked. Here, we describe the use of anterograde neuronal tract tracing using cholera toxin B (CTB) for the determination of axon transport integrity of the retinofugal projection. This method reveals the structure of the retinal axons as well as the functional integrity of anterograde transport systems.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7407-8_15DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

tract tracing
8
anterograde tract
4
tracing assaying
4
assaying axonopathy
4
axonopathy transport
4
transport deficits
4
deficits glaucoma
4
glaucoma stage
4
stage degeneration
4
degeneration investigate
4

Similar Publications

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in dogs is a metabolic disorder of the central nervous system that occurs secondarily to liver dysfunctions, whether due to acquired or congenital causes. A portosystemic shunt is the presence of abnormal communications between the hepatic vessels (portal and suprahepatic veins). As a result of this, the blood brought from the digestive tract through the portal vein bypasses the liver, and the unmetabolized components of the portal bloodstream enter directly into systemic circulation, causing clinical symptoms of metabolic encephalopathy (HE).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), one of the main dopaminergic nuclei of the brain, exerts a regulatory function on the basal ganglia circuitry via the nigro-striatal pathway but its possible dopaminergic innervation of the thalamus has been only investigated in non-human primates. The impossibility of tract-tracing studies in humans has boosted advanced MRI techniques and multi-shell high-angular resolution diffusion MRI (MS-HARDI) has promised to shed more light on the structural connectivity of subcortical structures. Here, we estimated the possible dopaminergic innervation of the human thalamus via an MS-HARDI tractography of the SNc in healthy human young adults.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Copper, an essential trace element and biochemical cofactor in humans plays a critical role in maintaining health. Recent studies have identified a significant association between copper levels and the progression and metastasis of cancer. Copper is primarily absorbed in the intestinal tract, often leading to an imbalance of copper ions in the body.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

At early stages of heart development, the first and second heart fields are a continuum of lateral head mesoderm-derived, cardiogenic cells.

Dev Biol

January 2025

Institute of Life Sciences and Health (ILSH), School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK. Electronic address:

Pioneering work in the chicken established that the initial development of the heart consists of two stages: the quick assembly of a beating heart, followed by the recruitment of cells from adjacent tissues to deliver the mature in-and outflow tract. Cells to build the primitive heart were dubbed the first heart field (FHF) cells, cells to be recruited later the second heart field (SHF) cells. The current view is that these cells represent distinct, maybe even pre-determined lineages.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Toxic tuna tales: Tracing microplastic pathways in mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis), longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol), and bullet tuna (Auxis rochei).

Mar Pollut Bull

January 2025

Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia; UMT-OUC Joint Academic Center for Marine Studies, Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology (ICAMB), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Casting a shadow upon marine ecosystems worldwide, microplastic pollution emerges as a formidable threat, yet its repercussions on commercially significant marine fish remain largely unexplored. This investigation delves into the realm of microplastic contamination within three tuna species (Euthynnus affinis, Thunnus tonggol, and Auxis rochei) inhabiting Malaysian waters, with a keen focus on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), gills, and edible muscle. These species were chosen due to their significant ecological roles and considerable commercial value, being extensively fished and widely consumed across global regions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!