Period-dependent Associations between Hypotension during and for Four Days after Noncardiac Surgery and a Composite of Myocardial Infarction and Death: A Substudy of the POISE-2 Trial.

Anesthesiology

From the Departments of Outcomes Research (D.I.S., N.M.Z., G.M.) and Quantitative Health Sciences (N.M.Z., G.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; the Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bispebjerg Hospital (C.S.M.) and the Department of Anaesthesiology, Herlev Hospital (C.S.M., R.M.D.), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; the Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (K.L.); the Department of Research, Grupo de Cardiología Preventiva Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Fundación CardioInfantil Instituto de Cardiología, Bucaramanga, Colombia (S.M.V.); the Anaesthetic Department, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals, National Health Service Trust, Hull, East Yorkshire, United Kingdom (P.B.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-SantPau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.A.-G.); the Research Institute, Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, Brazil (A.B.C.); the Department of Anesthesia, Queen's University and Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Canada (J.L.P.); Rahate Surgical Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India (P.V.R.); the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (M.D.S.); the Department of Vascular Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy (B.G.); Counties Manukau District Health, Aukland, New Zealand (S.A.W.); the Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderbad, India (R.K.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (R.M.D.); the Department of Anaesthetics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa (R.R.), the Hypertension and Vascular Aging Center, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Argentina (F.B.); the Departments of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact and Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (P.J.D.); and the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada (E.D., P.J.D., D.I.S.).

Published: February 2018

Background: The relative contributions of intraoperative and postoperative hypotension to perioperative morbidity remain unclear. We determined the association between hypotension and a composite of 30-day myocardial infarction and death over three periods: (1) intraoperative, (2) remaining day of surgery, and (3) during the initial four postoperative days.

Methods: This was a substudy of POISE-2, a 10,010-patient factorial-randomized trial of aspirin and clonidine for prevention of myocardial infarction. Clinically important hypotension was defined as systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg requiring treatment. Minutes of hypotension was the exposure variable intraoperatively and for the remaining day of surgery, whereas hypotension status was treated as binary variable for postoperative days 1 to 4. We estimated the average relative effect of hypotension across components of the composite using a distinct effect generalized estimating model, adjusting for hypotension during earlier periods.

Results: Among 9,765 patients, 42% experienced hypotension, 590 (6.0%) had an infarction, and 116 (1.2%) died within 30 days of surgery. Intraoperatively, the estimated average relative effect across myocardial infarction and mortality was 1.08 (98.3% CI, 1.03, 1.12; P < 0.001) per 10-min increase in hypotension duration. For the remaining day of surgery, the odds ratio was 1.03 (98.3% CI, 1.01, 1.05; P < 0.001) per 10-min increase in hypotension duration. The average relative effect odds ratio was 2.83 (98.3% CI, 1.26, 6.35; P = 0.002) in patients with hypotension during the subsequent four days of hospitalization.

Conclusions: Clinically important hypotension-a potentially modifiable exposure-was significantly associated with a composite of myocardial infarction and death during each of three perioperative periods, even after adjustment for previous hypotension.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000001985	DOI Listing

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