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D'Arcy Thompson was a proponent of applying mathematical and physical principles to biological systems, an approach that is becoming increasingly common in developmental biology. Indeed, the recent integration of quantitative experimental data, force measurements and mathematical modeling has changed our understanding of morphogenesis - the shaping of an organism during development. Emerging evidence suggests that the subcellular organization of contractile cytoskeletal networks plays a key role in force generation, while on the tissue level the spatial organization of forces determines the morphogenetic output. Inspired by D'Arcy Thompson's , we review our current understanding of how biological forms are created and maintained by the generation and organization of contractile forces at the cell and tissue levels. We focus on recent advances in our understanding of how cells actively sculpt tissues and how forces are involved in specific morphogenetic processes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.151282 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
March 2025
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Acinetobacter baumannii is a priority bacterial pathogen and leading cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). The average incidence of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii infections in ICUs is 41.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biol Chem
March 2025
Vascular Physiology Environment, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden. Electronic address:
Age is a critical determinant of arterial disease, including aneurysm formation. Here, to understand the impact of aging on the arterial transcriptome, we leveraged RNA-sequencing data to define transcripts that change with advancing age in human arteries. Among the most repressed transcripts in aged individuals were those that are relevant for actomyosin structure and organization, including both myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and smooth muscle γ-actin (ACTG2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCytoskeleton (Hoboken)
March 2025
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
Tropomyosin is an actin-binding protein that plays roles ranging from regulating muscle contraction to controlling cytokinesis and cell migration. The simple nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provides a useful model for studying the core functions of tropomyosin in an animal, having a relatively simple anatomy and a single tropomyosin gene, lev-11, that produces seven isoforms. Three higher molecular weight isoforms regulate the contraction of body wall and other muscles, but comparatively less is known of the functions of four lower molecular weight isoforms (LEV-11C, E, T, U).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferentiation
March 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. Electronic address:
Articular cartilage is an avascular tissue that allows for frictionless mobility of joints. Unfortunately, cartilage is incapable of self-repair and any damage leads to degradation in osteoarthritis (OA). Autologous chondrocyte implantation therapies are currently being used to treat focal cartilage defects caused by post-traumatic OA (PTOA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEMBO Rep
March 2025
CNRS/UCBL1 UMR 5261 - INSERM U1315, U1217, INMG-PGNM, INSERM, CNRS, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
Dynamic changes in the arrangement of myonuclei and the organization of the sarcoplasmic reticulum are important determinants of myofiber formation and muscle function. To find factors associated with muscle integrity, we perform an siRNA screen and identify SH3KBP1 as a new factor controlling myoblast fusion, myonuclear positioning, and myotube elongation. We find that the N-terminus of SH3KBP1 binds to dynamin-2 while the C-terminus associates with the endoplasmic reticulum through calnexin, which in turn control myonuclei dynamics and ER integrity, respectively.
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