AI Article Synopsis
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny packets that help cells talk to each other and carry important stuff like proteins and DNA.
- They play a big role in how cancer grows and spreads by helping tumor cells invade other areas in the body.
- Researchers are looking into how we can use EVs to stop cancer from spreading and make treatments better.
Article Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, have a key role in the paracrine communication between organs and compartments. EVs shuttle virtually all types of biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, metabolites and even pharmacological compounds. Their ability to transfer their biomolecular cargo into target cells enables EVs to play a key role in intercellular communication that can regulate cellular functions such as proliferation, apoptosis and migration. This has led to the emergence of EVs as a key player in tumor growth and metastasis through the formation of "tumor niches" in target organs. Recent data have also been shown that EVs may transform the microenvironment of primary tumors thus favoring the selection of cancer cells with a metastatic behavior. The release of EVs from resident non-malignant cells may contribute to the metastatic processes as well. However, cancer EVs may induce malignant transformation in resident mesenchymal stem cells, suggesting that the metastatic process is not exclusively due to circulating tumor cells. In this review, we outline and discuss evidence-based roles of EVs in actively regulating multiple steps of the metastatic process and how we can leverage EVs to impair metastasis.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800973 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.11.005 | DOI Listing |
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