Naturally occurring fecal mutagens, called fecapentaenes, are hypothesized to contribute to large bowel carcinogenesis. To understand health risks it is necessary to relate fecal mutagen concentrations to intestinal pathologies, i.e. colon cancer. However, fast and reliable methods for analysis of stool for fecapentaene levels are not available. This study presents an evaluation of stabilizing effects on synthetic fecapentaene-12 of various antioxidants, indicating tri-ethylamine to give the best results. Furthermore, it describes a fast extraction procedure for human stool and a subsequent HPLC-analysis which produces quantitative data on fecapentaene-12 concentrations within 30 min.
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Electron spin resonance spectroscopy of oxygen radicals generated by synthetic fecapentaene-12 and reduction of fecapentaene mutagenicity to Salmonella typhimurium by hydroxyl radical scavenging.
Carcinogenesis
July 1992
Department of Health Risk Analysis and Toxicology, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Fecapentaenes form a class of potent fecal mutagens and have been suggested to play an initiating role in colon carcinogenesis. Although several indications have been found that fecapentaenes may induce oxidative DNA damage as well as DNA alkylation, the mechanism of genotoxicity remains unknown. In this study, electron spin resonance spectroscopy with several spin traps has been used in order to determine whether reactive oxygen species can be formed by fecapentaene-12 (FP-12).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification and quantitative distribution of eight analogues of naturally occurring fecapentaenes in human feces by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Carcinogenesis
February 1991
Department of Biological Health Science, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Fecapentaenes, highly potent fecal mutagens originating from intestinal bacterial production, have been suggested to play an essential role in the initiation of colorectal cancer. Reviewing the data on fecapentaene occurrence in man, the applied methodologies for fecapentaene extraction and analysis appear to be very inconsistent. Therefore, we compared several methods and developed an optimal extraction and purification procedure for fecapentaene quantification in human feces.
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J Nat Prod
July 1990
Unilever Research Laboratories Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.
A fast and reliable hplc method for the quantitative analysis of total fecapentaene-12 (FP-12 and its precursors) and total fecapentaene-14 (FP-14 and its precursors) in human feces is described. The analysis is based on the rapid chemical conversion of fecapentaenes and their precursors to more stable methoxytetraenols and the use of synthetic, not naturally occurring, fecapentaene-13 (FP-13) as an internal standard. The synthesis and physical properties of this internal standard are described.
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Lipids
May 1989
Department of Anaerobic Microbiology, State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061.
Fecapentaene-12 and fecapentaene-14 are genotoxic poly-unsaturated ether-lipids produced by the colonic microflora in humans and pigs. Although the fecapentaenes have been extensively characterized, little is known about the nature of the precursors from which they are produced. We purified one form of these precursors from feces of an individual who excreted high levels of fecapentaene-12 and its precursors.
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Chem Res Toxicol
February 1992
Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701.
Solutions of synthetic fecapentaene 12 (FP-12) intended for carcinogenicity studies were found to decompose extremely rapidly during customary dosage procedures. Apparent half-lives as short as 15 min were observed. While rates and even the qualitative course of decomposition were surprisingly variable in replicate experiments, high concentration and exposure to air were confirmed to be especially important destabilizing influences.
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