An optimized large scale and highly reproducible route to orthogonally protected γ-thiolysine is reported. Its utility in the synthesis of bifunctional ubiquitin monomers is demonstrated. These ubiquitin synthons are employed in polymerization reactions giving access to synthetic poly-ubiquitin chains of defined linkage.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03085 | DOI Listing |
bioRxiv
October 2024
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
The 26S proteasome is the major compartmental protease in eukaryotic cells, responsible for the ATP-dependent turnover of obsolete, damaged, or misfolded proteins that are delivered for degradation through attached ubiquitin modifications. In addition to targeting substrates to the proteasome, ubiquitin was recently shown to promote degradation initiation by directly modulating the conformational switching of the proteasome, yet the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we used biochemical, mutational, and single-molecule FRET-based approaches to show that the proteasomal deubiquitinase Rpn11 functions as an allosteric sensor and facilitates the early steps of degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Pathog
October 2024
Institute for Structural Biology, Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum-Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
The chlamydial deubiquitinase Cdu1 of the obligate intracellular human pathogenic bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis plays important roles in the maintenance of chlamydial infection. Despite the structural similarities shared with its homologue Cdu2, both DUBs display remarkable differences in their enzymatic activity towards poly-UB chain substrates. Whereas Cdu1 is highly active towards K48- and K63- poly-UB chains, Cdu2 activity is restricted mostly to mono-UB substrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFG3 (Bethesda)
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Ubiquitin controls many cellular processes via its posttranslational conjugation onto substrates. Its use is highly variable due to its ability to form poly-ubiquitin chains with various topologies. Among them, linear chains have emerged as important regulators of immune responses and protein degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2024
Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Ubiquitination is a posttranslational modification in eukaryotes that plays a significant role in the infection of intracellular microbial pathogens, such as Legionella pneumophila. While the Legionella-containing vacuole (LCV) is coated with ubiquitin (Ub), it avoids recognition by autophagy adaptors. Here, we report that the Sdc and Sde families of effectors work together to build ubiquitinated species around the LCV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biol Chem
September 2024
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Center for Cell Structure and Function, Modem Industry Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China. Electronic address:
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which involves E3 ligases and deubiquitinates (DUBs), is critical for protein homeostasis. The epigenetic reader ZMYND8 (zinc finger MYND-type containing 8) has emerged as an oncoprotein, and its protein levels are elevated in various types of cancer, including breast cancer. However, the mechanism by which ZMYND8 protein levels are increased in cancer remains elusive.
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