The hippocampus is involved in episodic memories of events including time and space. Many studies have focused on the neuronal processing mechanisms underlying spatial cognition and representation in the hippocampus; however, the time-related aspects of memories have only recently become the focus of research. In this review, we first introduce recent reports demonstrating the importance of the hippocampus in the perception of time and then present the hippocampal neuronal dynamics for the representation of time, revealed by large-scale neuronal recording techniques.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416200900 | DOI Listing |
Neuropsychopharmacol Rep
March 2025
Lab of Animal Behavior and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan.
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) affects rodents' stress-related behaviors, such as anxiety-like behavior or fear conditioning. However, previous studies have investigated the effect of intracerebroventricular, but not hippocampal, injection of this PAC1R-selective antagonist (PACAP-6-38) on anxiety-like behavior. However, it has been reported that administration of PACAP-6-38 to the dorsal hippocampus reduces the fear response in a fear conditioning test.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHippocampus
January 2025
Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
In keeping with the historical focus of this special issue of Hippocampus, this paper reviews the history of my development of the SPEAR model. The SPEAR model proposes that separate phases of encoding and retrieval (SPEAR) allow effective storage of multiple overlapping associative memories in the hippocampal formation and other cortical structures. The separate phases for encoding and retrieval are proposed to occur within different phases of theta rhythm with a cycle time on the order of 125 ms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuro Oncol
December 2024
Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Background: Hippocampal avoidance during prophylactic cranial irradiation (HA-PCI) is proposed to reduce neurocognitive decline, while preserving the benefits of PCI. We evaluated whether (HA-)PCI induces changes in white matter (WM) microstructure and whether sparing the hippocampus has an impact on preserving brain network topology. Additionally, we evaluated associations between topological metrics with hippocampal volume and neuropsychological outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroscience
December 2024
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, Delhi, India. Electronic address:
Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) & Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy-Hippocampal Sclerosis (MTLE-HS) are two common pathologies of drug-resistant focal epilepsy (DRE). Inappropriate localization of the epileptogenic zones (EZs) in FCD is a significant contributing factor to the unsatisfactory surgical results observed in FCD cases. Currently, no molecular or cellular indicators are available which can aid in identifying the epileptogenic zones (EZs) in FCD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchizophrenia (Heidelb)
December 2024
Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
PET and SPECT studies in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) have revealed significant alterations in regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) during clozapine treatment, which may vary according to the clinical response. Here, we used the more recent MRI approach of arterial spin labelling (ASL) to evaluate regional CBF in participants with TRS (N = 36) before starting treatment with clozapine compared to in healthy volunteers (N = 16). We then compared CBF in the TRS group, before and after 12 weeks of treatment with clozapine (N = 24); and examined the relationship of those differences against changes in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) scores over the treatment period.
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