A fascinating discovery in the chemistry of ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) has been the identification of a dimanganese (Mn ) active site in class I b RNRs that requires superoxide anion (O ), rather than dioxygen (O ), to access a high-valent Mn oxidant. Complex 1 ([Mn (O CCH )(N-Et-HPTB)](ClO ) , N-Et-HPTB=N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-(1-ethylbenzimidazolyl))-2-hydroxy-1,3-diaminopropane) was synthesised in high yield (90 %). 1 was reacted with O at -40 °C resulting in the formation of a metastable species (2). 2 displayed electronic absorption features (λ =460, 610 nm) typical of a Mn-peroxide species and a 29-line EPR signal typical of a Mn Mn entity. Mn K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) suggested a formal oxidation state change of Mn in 1 to Mn Mn for 2. Electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) suggested 2 to be a Mn Mn -peroxide complex. 2 was capable of oxidizing ferrocene and weak O-H bonds upon activation with proton donors. Our findings provide support for the postulated mechanism of O activation at class I b Mn RNRs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201709806 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
November 2024
Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) reduce ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides using radical-based chemistry. For class Ia RNRs, the radical species is stored in a separate subunit (β2) from the subunit housing the active site (α2), requiring the formation of a short-lived α2β2 complex and long-range radical transfer (RT). RT occurs via proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) over a long distance (~32-Å) and involves the formation and decay of multiple amino acid radical species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
October 2024
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) reduce ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides using radical-based chemistry. For class Ia RNRs, the radical species is stored in a separate subunit (β2) from the subunit housing the active site (α2), requiring the formation of a short-lived α2β2 complex and long-range radical transfer (RT). RT occurs via proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) over a long distance (~32-Å) and involves the formation and decay of multiple amino acid radical species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Res Struct Biol
September 2024
National Centre for Cell Science, SPPU Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
Class I ribonucleotide reductases consisting of α and β subunits convert ribonucleoside diphosphates to deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates involving an intricate free radical mechanism. The generation of free radicals in the Class Ib ribonucleotide reductases is mediated by di-manganese ions in the β subunits and is externally assisted by flavodoxin-like NrdI subunit. This is unlike Class Ia ribonucleotide reductases, where the free radical generation is initiated at its di-iron centre in the β subunits with no external support from another subunit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Gu Shang
August 2024
Department of Spinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan, China; School of Life Science of Central South Universith, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China.
Biochemistry
October 2024
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Class Ia ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are allosterically regulated by ATP and dATP to maintain the appropriate deoxyribonucleotide levels inside the cell for DNA biosynthesis and repair. RNR activity requires precise positioning of the β and α subunits for the transfer of a catalytically essential radical species. Excess dATP inhibits RNR through the creation of an α-β interface that restricts the ability of β to obtain a position that is capable of radical transfer.
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