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Drug Development.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Background: Genetic studies indicate a causal role for microglia, the innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the progress made in identifying genetic risk factors, such as CD33, and underlying molecular changes, there are currently limited treatment options for AD. Based on the immune-inhibitory function of CD33, we hypothesize that inhibition of CD33 activation may reverse microglial suppression and restore their ability to resolve inflammatory processes and mitigate pathogenic amyloid plaques, which may be neuroprotective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
The Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria.
Background: The progression of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with changes in brain structure and function, often referred to as "diabetic encephalopathy," which is characterized by cognitive and neurochemical dysfunction, and identifiable structural changes in brain imaging. This study investigated the effect of Moringa leaf-supplemented diets (MLSD) on cognition, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and arginase activities, reactive oxygen species (ROS), total-thiol (T-SH), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-6, and IL-10) levels, caspase-3 expression, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) levels in the brain of DM rats treated with 25 mg/kg bwt acarbose (ACA).
Method: The normal control (NC) rats and diabetic rats were grouped as follows: NC rats, untreated DM rats, DM rats plus ACA, DM rats plus ACA and 2% MLSD, and DM rats plus ACA and 4% MLSD.
The Mechanism of Baicalin in the Treatment of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia by Regulating NLRP3/Caspase-1 Signaling Pathway.
Immunol Invest
January 2025
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Objective: This study investigated the mechanism of baicalin (BIA) attenuating the inflammatory response and lung injury in mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) mice.
Methods: MPP mouse models were established and then treated with BIA, azithromycin, or NLRP3 inflammasome activator. Lung wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio were weighed.
Aged garlic extract enhances the production of β‑defensin 4 via activation of the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway in mouse gingiva.
Exp Ther Med
February 2025
Central Research Institute, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Akitakata, Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan.
Periodontal disease is recognized as a chronic multifactorial inflammatory condition initiated by dysbiosis within subgingival plaque biofilms. Antimicrobial peptides exhibit a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action, and thus, provide one of the first lines of host defense against oral pathogens. Aged garlic extract (AGE) is effective for preventing the progression of periodontal disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMangiferin Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Regulating the GAS6/Axl Signaling Pathway.
Phytother Res
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Ischemia reperfusion-induced myocardial injury is a prominent pathological feature in patients with coronary artery disease, contributing to significant mortality and morbidity rates. Mangiferin (MGF), the main active ingredient extracted from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge, has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, and anti-tumor effects. The present study confirmed that the GAS6/Axl pathway was identified as a promising novel target for the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury.
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