Follow-up monitoring in a cat with leishmaniosis and coinfections with and ' Mycoplasma haemominutum'.

Case Summary: A 6-year-old female neutered domestic shorthair cat from Cyprus was presented with multiple ulcerated skin nodules. Cytology and histopathology of the lesions revealed granulomatous dermatitis with intracytoplasmic organisms, consistent with amastigotes of species. Biochemistry identified a mild hyperproteinaemia. Blood extraction and PCR detected species, species and ' Mycoplasma haemominutum' (CMhm) DNA. Subsequent sequencing identified . Additionally, the rRNA internal transcribed spacer 1 locus of was partially sequenced and phylogeny showed it to cluster with species derived from dogs in Italy and Uzbekistan, and a human in France. Allopurinol treatment was administered for 6 months. Clinical signs resolved in the second month of treatment with no deterioration 8 months post-treatment cessation. Quantitative PCR and ELISA were used to monitor blood DNA and antibody levels. The cat had high DNA levels pretreatment that gradually declined during treatment but increased 8 months post-treatment cessation. Similarly, ELISA revealed high levels of antibodies pretreatment, which gradually declined during treatment and increased slightly 8 months post-treatment cessation. The cat remained PCR positive for CMhm and species throughout the study. There was no clinical evidence of relapse 24 months post-treatment.

Relevance And Novel Information: To our knowledge, this is the first clinical report of a cat with leishmaniosis with and CMhm coinfections. The high DNA levels post-treatment cessation might indicate that although the lesions had resolved, prolonged or an alternative treatment could have been considered.