Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in .

is an economically important crop across different continents including temperate and subtropical regions in Europe, Canada, South Asia, China and Australia. Its widespread cultivation also brings setbacks as it plays host to fungal, oomycete and chytrid pathogens that can lead to serious yield loss. For sustainable crop production, identification of resistance () genes in has become of critical importance. In this review, we discuss four key pathogens affecting crops: Clubroot (, Blackleg ( and , Sclerotinia Stem Rot (), and Downy Mildew (. We first review current studies covering prevalence of these pathogens on crops and highlight the genes and QTL that have been identified from species against these pathogens. Insights into the relationships between the pathogen and its host, the unique host resistance mechanisms and how these affect resistance outcomes is also presented. We discuss challenges in identification and deployment of genes in in relation to highly specific genetic interactions between host subpopulations and pathogen pathotypes and emphasize the need for common or shared techniques and research materials or tighter collaboration between researchers to reconcile the inconsistencies in the research outcomes. Using current genomics tools, we provide examples of how characterization and cloning of genes in can be carried out more effectively. Lastly, we put forward strategies to breed resistant cultivars through introgressions supported by genomic approaches and suggest prospects that can be implemented in the future for a better, pathogen-resistant .