Prognostic Stratification of Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (PROSPECT): A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study.

Circ Cardiovasc Imaging

From the Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (G.P., D.A., M.G., A.B., L.F., S.M., E.C., A.A., A.F., M.E.M., M.V., N.C., G.M., P.A., A.L.B., M.P.); Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea (G.P.); Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Policlinico Consorziale of Bari, Italy (A.I.G.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy (A.I.G.); Dipartimento di Cardiologia, Policlinico Universitario Paolo Giaccone, Palermo, Italy (G.F., P.C., F.F.); Centro Medico Polispecialistico, Torre Annunziata (Naples), Italy (G.M.); Istituto di Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy (V.L.); Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS, Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy (S.P.); Loyola University of Chicago, IL (M.G.R.); Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration Hospital, IL (M.G.R.); Luigi Sacco Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (A.L.B.) and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Community Health (D.A., P.A.), University of Milan, Italy; and Division of Cardiology, Centre of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland (P.G.M.).

Published: November 2017

Background: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a robust tool to evaluate left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), myocardial salvage index, microvascular obstruction, and myocardial hemorrhage in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. We evaluated the additional prognostic benefit of a CMR score over standard prognostic stratification with global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) score and transthoracic echocardiography LVEF measurement.

Methods And Results: Two hundred nine consecutive patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (age, 61.4±11.4 years; 162 men) underwent transthoracic echocardiography and CMR after succesful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were assessed at a mean follow-up of 2.5±1.2 years. MACE occurred in 24 (12%) patients who at baseline showed higher GRACE risk score (<0.01), lower LVEF with both transthoracic echocardiography and CMR, lower myocardial salvage index, and higher per-patient myocardial hemorrhage and microvascular obstruction prevalence and amount as compared with patients without MACE (<0.01). The best cut-off values of transthoracic echocardiography-LVEF, CMR-LVEF, myocardial salvage index, and microvascular obstruction to predict MACE were 46.7%, 37.5%, 0.4, and 2.6% of left ventricular mass, respectively. Accordingly, a weighted CMR score, including the following 4 variables (CMR-LVEF, myocardial salvage index, microvascular obstruction, and myocardial hemorrhage), with a maximum of 17 points was calculated and included in the multivariable analysis showing that only CMR score (hazard ratio, 1.867 per SD increase [1.311-2.658]; <0.001) was independently associated with MACE with the highest net reclassification improvement as compared to GRACE score and transthoracic echocardiography-LVEF measurement.

Conclusions: CMR score provides incremental prognostic stratification as compared with GRACE score and transthoracic echocardiography-LVEF and may impact the management of patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.117.006428	DOI Listing

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