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Biochar for ameliorating soil fertility and microbial diversity: From production to action of the black gold.
iScience
January 2025
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India.
This article evaluated different production strategies, characteristics, and applications of biochar for ameliorating soil fertility and microbial diversity. The biochar production techniques are evolving, indicating that newer methods (including hydrothermal and retort carbonization) operate with minimum temperatures, yet resulting in high yields with significant improvements in different properties, including heating value, oxygen functionality, and carbon content, compared to the traditional methods. It has been found that the temperature, feedstock type, and moisture content play critical roles in the fabrication process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUpregulation of olfactory-related neuropeptide transcripts in male Macrobrachium rosenbergii in correlation to pheromone perception from molting females.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol
January 2025
Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (CENTEX Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Nakhornsawan campus, Mahidol University, Nakhonsawan, Thailand. Electronic address:
Our previous studies revealed a mating attractant or possibly a pheromone released from molting reproductive mature female prawns, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, stimulates the expression of insulin-like androgenic gland hormones in a co-culture system. The released attractant is perceived by olfactory receptors with setae located on the short lateral antennules (slAn), which connect to the olfactory neuropil in the central nervous system (CNS) of male prawns. This neural signaling propagating through the CNS is mediated by at least four neuropeptides, namely neuropeptide F (NPF), short NPF (sNPF), tachykinin (TK), and allatostatin-A (ATS-A) whose transcripts have been detected in the present study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterrogation of the Tumor Microenvironment by Nanoparticles.
Cancer Lett
January 2025
Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA. Electronic address:
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression by fostering intricate multicellular crosstalk among cancer cells, stromal cells, and immune cells. This review explores the emerging paradigm of utilizing nanoparticles to disrupt this crosstalk within the TME as a therapeutic strategy. Nanoparticles are engineered with precise physicochemical properties to target specific cell types and deliver therapeutic payloads, thereby inhibiting critical signaling pathways involved in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe supply of branched-chain amino acids and branched-chain keto acids alter lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in primary bovine hepatocytes.
J Nutr Biochem
January 2025
Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA. Electronic address:
Fatty liver impairs liver function and reduces productivity in dairy cows. Our previous in vivo findings demonstrated that branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) or branched-chain ketoacid (BCKA) improved liver function and lactation performance in dairy cows; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of BCAA or BCKA supplementation on intracellular triglyceride (TG) accumulation, lipid metabolism, antioxidant response, and apoptosis in hepatocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns: Insights from unvaccinated mortality data.
Infect Dis Model
March 2025
Mathematical Sciences, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
This paper examines a recently developed statistical approach for evaluating the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns in terms of deaths averted. The statistical approach makes predictions by comparing death rates in the vaccinated and unvaccinated populations. The statistical approach is preferred for its simplicity and straightforwardness, especially when compared to the difficulties involved when fitting the many parameters of a dynamic SIRD-type model, which may even be an impossible task.
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