Objective: To develop a method for detecting 11 organophosphate pesticides and atrazine in water samples by dispersive liquidliquid microextraction combined with gas chromatographymass spectrometry (DLLMEGC/MS) .
Methods: DLLME and GCMS parameters were optimized for efficient extraction of chemicals. The proposed method was used for detecting organophosphate pesticides in tap water and river water samples,with 200 μL of dimethylbenzene as extractant and 800 μL of methanol as dispersant. They were mixed,emulsified and dispersed into 10 mL of water samples. The extractant (1 μL) from centrifugation was injected into the GC/MS system for analyses. GC separation was performed on HP5 column (30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm) by temperature programming. Mass spectrometric analysis was done with EI and selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used for quantitative analysis.
Results: Good linear ranges for detecting the 11 pesticides and atrazine appeared from 2.0 ng/mL to 50 ng/mL,with a limit of 0.121.38 ng/mL. The relative standard derivations ranged from 5.57% to 9.85%. The average recoveries ranged from 75.5% to 107%.
Conclusion: The method is sensitive and rapid,with simultaneous extraction and concentration procedures. The lowdensity organic solvent after extraction is easy to isolate. The method fits for analyses of organophosphate pesticides and atrazine in water samples.
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Environ Sci Technol
December 2024
Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used organophosphate insecticide with serious toxicological effects on aquatic animals. Although extensively studied for neurotoxicity and endocrine disruption, its stage-specific effects on amphibian metamorphosis and receptor-level interactions remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of CPF on metamorphosis at environmentally relevant concentrations (1.
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State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address:
Chlorpyrifos (CLP) and deltamethrin (DTM) are among the most widely utilized organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides globally. Their simultaneous presence in aquatic environments poses significant threats to fish health and challenges the sustainability of aquaculture practices. Despite their prevalence, the combined toxic effects of CLP and DTM on hook snout carp (Opsariichthys bidens Günther) remain insufficiently understood.
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