Laboratory of Diagnostic, Pasteur Institute, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:
Published: January 2018
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Rabies is a lethal viral infection that can affect almost all mammals, including humans. To better understand the replication of Rabies lyssavirus, we investigated if the viral load in brains naturally infected with rabies influences viral internalization and viral growth kinetics in neuroblastoma cells, and if the viral load affects mortality in mice after intradermal infection. We noted that high initial viral loads in brains (group II) were unfavourable for increasing viral titers during serial passages in neuroblastoma cells when compared to low initial viral loads in brains (group I). In addition, group I strains showed higher viral growth and enhanced internalization efficiency in neuroblastoma cells than group II strains. However, we observed that the dominant virus subpopulation in group II promoted efficient viral infection in the central nervous system in the new host, providing a selective advantage to the virus. Our data indicate that rabies infection in animal models depends on not only the virus strain but also the amount of virus. This study may serve as a basis for understanding the biologic proprieties of Rabies lyssavirus strains with respect to the effects on viral replication and the impact on pathogenesis, improving virus yields for use in vaccine development.
Neuroblastoma is a rare tumour originating from neural crest cells, primarily occurring in the adrenal glands and sympathetic ganglia, with prenatal diagnosis often complicated by the difficulty in distinguishing it from other foetal abdominal or paraspinal masses. We present a case of foetal neuroblastoma in a 26-year old woman who, at 36 weeks of gestation, experienced absent foetal movements, leading to ultrasound confirmation of foetal demise with associated effusions. An emergency caesarean section revealed a stillborn male foetus with a previously undetected encapsulated mass in the posterior mediastinum, which was confirmed as neuroblastoma through histopathological analysis.
There is an urgent need for agents that promote health and regeneration of cells and tissues, specifically to treat diseases of the aging nervous system. Age-associated nervous system degeneration and various diseases are driven by many different biochemical stresses, often making it difficult to target any one disease cause. Our laboratory has previously identified DNA aptamers with apparent regenerative properties in murine models of multiple sclerosis by selecting aptamers that bind oligodendrocyte membrane preparations.
Unlabelled: Neuroblastoma, " a malignancy originating from neural crest cells, is most commonly diagnosed in children and adolescents. Polymorphisms within the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOXA distal transcript antisense RNA (HOTTIP) are believed to have the capacity to alter an individual's susceptibility to various cancers. This study aimed to investigate the link between HOTTIP gene polymorphisms and neuroblastoma susceptibility.
Cansearch Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Background: We previously demonstrated that APR-246 (eprenetapopt) could be an efficient treatment option against neuroblastoma (NB), the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor. APR-246's mechanism of action is not completely understood and can differ between cell types. Here we investigate the involvement of well-known oncogenic pathways in NB's response to APR-246.
