There is a projected shortcoming in the fourth carbon budget of 7.5%. This shortfall may be increased if the UK pursues a domestic shale gas industry to offset projected decreases in traditional gas supply. Here we estimate that, if the project domestic gas supply gap for power generation were to be met by UK shale gas with low fugitive emissions (0.08%), an additional 20.4MtCOe would need to be accommodated during carbon budget periods 3-6. We find that a modest fugitive emissions rate (1%) for UK shale gas would increase global emissions compared to importing an equal quantity of Qatari liquefied natural gas. Additionally, we estimate that natural gas electricity generation would emit 420-466MtCOe (460 central estimate) during the same time period within the traded EU emissions cap. We conclude that domestic shale gas production with even a modest 1% fugitive emissions rate would risk exceedance of UK carbon budgets. We also highlight that, under the current production-based greenhouse gas accounting system, the UK is incentivized to import natural gas rather than produce it domestically.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.007 | DOI Listing |
In this paper, we studied the diffusion characteristics and distribution patterns of gas leakage in soil from buried natural gas pipelines. The three-dimensional simulation model of buried natural gas pipeline leakage was established using Fluent software. Monitoring points of gas leakage mole fraction were set up at different locations, and the influence of buried depth and pressure factors on the mole fraction and diffusion of leaked gas was analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZ Naturforsch C J Biosci
January 2025
Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances, Faculty of Sciences of Meknes, 11201 Zitoune-Meknes B.P, Meknes, Meknes, Morocco.
In order to search for new chemotypes and to carry out a comparative study with the literature, the current study investigated the chemical composition of the essential oil of the flowers of (L.) ssp. using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr A
December 2024
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5. Electronic address:
The development of biofuel technologies depends on the accurate identification and quantification of products from the conversion processes. Given the complexity of the renewable resources, the availability of biomass, and the versatility of conversion methods, there is a need for characterization methods that provide rapid and reliable analysis for various products coming from different conversion processes with minimal sample preparation. This study develops and validates gas chromatography methods that use multiple detectors to analyze pyrolytic compounds in both gas and liquid phases efficiently in a single, rapid run.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid Commun Mass Spectrom
March 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Rationale: In electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, the protonation site directly guides the ion's dissociation. But what if the site of protonation is ambiguous? In this study, we explored the unimolecular reactions of protonated α- and β-pinene ions with a combination of tandem mass spectrometry and theory. Each has multiple potential protonation sites that influence their chemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
December 2024
Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, Breslauer Str. 48, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany.
German energy system studies, investigating the energy transition pathways to the set climate targets, depict a significant decrease in gas demand. This leads to a discussion about the long-term need of gas distribution networks. The discussion intensified with the war in Ukraine and the subsequent energy price crisis.
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