AI Article Synopsis
- To effectively reduce tuberculosis (TB) transmission, it's crucial to move beyond understanding how TB spreads and instead focus on designing and rigorously testing interventions that can make a significant impact on the entire population.
- Combining strategies like preventive therapy to lower latent infections, improving case finding to reduce diagnosis delays, and enhancing infection control in specific environments can create synergies that effectively combat TB.
- Evidence-based approaches, including cluster-randomized trials and mechanistic modeling, are essential to understand local TB dynamics and guide the design, evaluation, and implementation of successful public health interventions.
Article Abstract
To reduce the incidence of tuberculosis, it is insufficient to simply understand the dynamics of tuberculosis transmission. Rather, we must design and rigorously evaluate interventions to halt transmission, prioritizing those interventions most likely to achieve population-level impact. Synergy in reducing tuberculosis transmission may be attainable by combining interventions that shrink the reservoir of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (preventive therapy), shorten the time between disease onset and treatment initiation (case finding and diagnosis), and prevent transmission in key settings, such as the built environment (infection control). In evaluating efficacy and estimating population-level impact, cluster-randomized trials and mechanistic models play particularly prominent roles. Historical and contemporary evidence suggests that effective public health interventions can halt tuberculosis transmission, but an evidence-based approach based on knowledge of local epidemiology is necessary for success. We provide a roadmap for designing, evaluating, and modeling interventions to interrupt the process of transmission that fuels a diverse array of tuberculosis epidemics worldwide.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5853231 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix320 | DOI Listing |
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