In the last years, atrial fibrosis was shown to be an independent predictor of procedural failure in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation. Ablation strategies have been developed to improve the outcome of catheter ablation by targeting detected areas of fibrosis, based either on endocardial voltage mapping or cardiac magnetic resonance. Box isolation of fibrotic areas (BIFA) is a new and promising patient-tailored ablation strategy for atrial fibrillation patients targeting substantial fibrotic areas by circumferential isolation of left atrial fibrosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.repc.2017.09.010 | DOI Listing |
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
January 2025
Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
The recent uncovering of fibroblast heterogeneity has given great insight into the versatility of the stroma. Among other cellular processes, fibroblasts are now thought to contribute to the coordination of immune responses in a range of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. While the pathologic roles of myofibroblasts, inflammatory fibroblasts and cancer associated fibroblasts in disease are reasonably well understood, the mechanisms behind their activation remain to be uncovered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Cell Physiol
January 2025
Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) from a quiescent state is a cause of liver fibrosis and a therapeutic target. HSCs are resident mesenchymal cells located in the space of Disse, exhibiting specialized morphological characteristics such as a stellate shape, large lipid droplets, and direct adhesions to hepatocytes via microprojections called HSC spines. Morphological alterations in HSCs play a crucial role in initiating their activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Cardiol Heart Vasc
February 2025
Dept. of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Background: Areas of conduction disorders play an important role in both initiation and perpetuation of AF and can be recognized by specific changes in unipolar potential morphology. For example, EGM fractionation may be caused by asynchronous activation of adjacent cardiomyocytes because of structural barriers such as fibrotic strands. However, it is unknown whether there are sex differences in unipolar potential morphology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Rev Respir Med
January 2025
Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Introduction: Amyloidosis, a polymeric deposition disease classified according to protein subtype, may have varied pulmonary manifestations. Its anatomic-radiologic phenotypes include nodular, cystic, alveolar-septal, and tracheobronchial forms. Clinical presentation may range from asymptomatic parenchymal nodules to respiratory failure from diffuse parenchymal infiltration or diaphragmatic deposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCI Insight
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, United States of America.
Surgery of the tracheobronchial tree carries high morbidity, with over half of the complications occurring at the anastomosis. Although fibroblasts are crucial in airway wound healing, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms in airway reconstruction remain unknown. We hypothesized that airway reconstruction initiates a surgery-induced stress (SIS) response, altering fibroblast communication within airway tissues.
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