The biology of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a dynamic process influenced by selection pressure induced by different antitumoural therapies. The poor clinical outcome of tumours in the recurrent stage necessitates the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Checkpoint-inhibition (PD1/PD-L1 Inhibition) is a hallmark of immunotherapy being investigated in ongoing clinical trials. The purpose of this study was to analyse the expression in de-novo and recurrent glioblastoma multiforme and to explore associated genetic alterations and clinical traits. We show that expression was reduced in recurrent GBM in comparison to de-novo GBM. Additionally, patients who received an extended dose of temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy showed a significantly reduced level of expression in the recurrence stage compared to the corresponding de-novo tumour. Our findings may provide an explanation for potentially lower response to immunotherapy in the recurrent stage due to the reduced expression of the therapeutic target .
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.18819 | DOI Listing |
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