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The last decade has seen a dramatic increase in the utilization of enzymes as green and sustainable (bio)catalysts in pharmaceutical and industrial applications. This trend has to a significant degree been fueled by advances in scientists' and engineers' ability to customize native enzymes by protein engineering. A review of the literature quickly reveals the tremendous success of this approach; protein engineering has generated enzyme variants with improved catalytic activity, broadened or altered substrate specificity, as well as raised or reversed stereoselectivity. Enzymes have been tailored to retain activity at elevated temperatures and to function in the presence of organic solvents, salts and pH values far from physiological conditions. However, readers unfamiliar with the field will soon encounter the confusingly large number of experimental techniques that have been employed to accomplish these engineering feats. Herein, we use history to guide a brief overview of the major strategies for protein engineering-past, present, and future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7366-8_1 | DOI Listing |
J Orthop Res
March 2025
Mechanical & Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA.
There is limited understanding of how mechanical signals regulate tendon development. The nucleus has emerged as a major regulator of cellular mechanosensation via the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) protein complex. Specific roles of LINC in tenogenesis have not been explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
March 2025
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.
Evolutionary constraints significantly limit the diversity of naturally occurring enzymes, thereby reducing the sequence repertoire available for enzyme discovery and engineering. Recent breakthroughs in protein structure prediction and de novo design, powered by artificial intelligence, now enable to create enzymes with desired functions without solely relying on traditional genome mining. Here, a computational strategy is demonstrated for creating new-to-nature polyethylene terephthalate hydrolases (PET hydrolases) by leveraging the known catalytic mechanisms and implementing multiple deep learning algorithms and molecular computations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCryo Letters
March 2025
Institute of Life and health, Dalian University; Liaoning Marine Microbiology Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian 116622, China.
Background: The low-temperature cholesterol esterase is primarily used in industries such as papermaking and healthcare.
Objective: To discover a microorganism with high cholesterol esterase activity and tolerance to low temperatures, leading to the promotion of the sustainable utilization of marine cold-adapted microbial resources and fostering industrial development.
Materials And Methods: This study isolated a strain producing low-temperature cholesterol esterase from marine samples in the China Bohai Sea.
Cell Commun Signal
March 2025
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Background: Allergic asthma is a chronic airway disease characterized by an allergic response and altered immune tolerance. CD4 tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells are crucial in the chronic and relapsing pathogenesis of asthma. Furthermore, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) is an essential transcription factor involved in asthmatic tolerance and has been implicated in the regulation of CD4CD44 memory T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Biol Endocrinol
March 2025
NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Research Question: While growth hormone (GH) is hypothesized to potentially enhance embryo quality, results of current basic and clinical researches remain inconclusive. This study assesses the effect of GH supplementation on embryo quality and explores the relationship between baseline insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels and the efficacy of GH supplementation among Chinese patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Design: A randomized controlled Open-label trial was performed with 128 women experiencing poor embryonic development in IVF.
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