Background: The spontaneously hypertensive rat is thought to show good validity as a model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, in part because of impaired delayed reinforcement behaviour, corresponding to the dynamic developmental theory of the disorder. However, some previous studies may have been confounded use of fluid reward. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the spontaneously hypertensive rat and two comparison strains (Wistar and Wistar Kyoto) using a non-delayed food reinforcement paradigm in an attempt to advance knowledge of basic learnt behaviour in this strain, without potentially confounding reward sensitivity, which could impact on motivation to learn. Rats were trained on a fixed ratio 1 two choice discrimination schedule, extinction, reacquisition and reversal. We also tested non-reinforced spontaneous alternation to facilitate data interpretation.
Results: The spontaneously hypertensive rat displayed slower shaping and reduced on task activity during task acquisition, contrasting with previous results which indicate either enhanced responding and an impairment only when a delay is used; we suggest several reasons for this. In line with previous work, the same strain exhibited poor extinguishing of behaviour but were not impaired to the same extent on reversal of the discrimination. Finally, non-reinforced alternations on a Y-maze were also reduced in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Conclusions: In sum, the spontaneously hypertensive rat appear to show poor response inhibition in reinforced and non-reinforced contexts. However, impaired response inhibition was reduced during reversal when an opposite response produced food reward alongside presentation of the conditioned stimulus. We discuss the possibility of enhanced attribution of incentive salience to cues in this strain and highlight several points of caution for researchers conducting behavioural assessments using the spontaneously hypertensive rat and their associated comparison strains.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5661932 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2857-5 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Predictors of Mortality in Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) Patients: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study from the Sultanate of Oman.
Indian J Crit Care Med
November 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a significant global health challenge with high incidence and low survival rates; this study aimed to predict mortality in these patients.
Methods: This 5-year retrospective chart review, conducted at the emergency departments (EDs) of two tertiary hospitals, systematically categorized, coded, and analyzed variables to assess mortality risk in OHCA patients.
Results: Of the 822 (36.
Fatty acid synthase inhibition improves hypertension-induced erectile dysfunction by suppressing oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis through activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Urology, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent male sexual disorder, commonly associated with hypertension, though the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.
Objective: This study aims to explore the role of Fatty acid synthase (Fasn) in hypertension-induced ED and evaluate the therapeutic potential of the Fasn inhibitor C75.
Materials And Methods: Erectile function was assessed by determining the intracavernous pressure/mean arterial pressure (ICP/MAP) ratio, followed by the collection of cavernous tissue for transcriptomic and non-targeted metabolomic analyses.
Evaluation of antihistamine-refractory chronic urticaria patients who used biological agent treatment in terms of cardiovascular risk.
Postepy Dermatol Alergol
December 2024
Department of Allergy and Immunology, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
Introduction: The idea that chronic inflammatory processes may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of both treatment - refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria and cardiovascular diseases is an important research topic.
Aim: Within the scope of this research, we aimed to elucidate a new perspective on the follow-up of chronic urticaria patients by evaluating the 10-year cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome in resistant chronic spontaneous urticaria patients who were unresponsive to maximum antihistamine treatment.
Material And Methods: A total of 170 individuals who applied to our institution's Health Science University, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, allergy and immunology outpatient clinic have been analysed in this retrospective case-control study.
Spatiotemporal analysis of the effects of exercise on the hemodynamics of the aorta in hypertensive rats using fluid-structure interaction simulation.
J Transl Int Med
February 2024
Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University; NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Peking University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China.
Background And Objective: Hemodynamic changes that lead to increased blood pressure represent the main drivers of organ damage in hypertension. Prolonged increases to blood pressure can lead to vascular remodeling, which also affects vascular hemodynamics during the pathogenesis of hypertension. Exercise is beneficial for relieving hypertension, however the mechanistic link between exercise training and how it influences hemodynamics in the context of hypertension is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSevere Neonatal Asphyxia Associated with Ureaplasma urealyticum Infection: A Case Report.
Am J Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Neonatology, The First Division Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Akesu, Xinjiang, China.
BACKGROUND Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) is a common microorganism that has been associated with a variety of obstetric and neonatal complications, such as infertility, stillbirth, histologic chorioamnionitis, neonatal sepsis, respiratory infections, and central nervous system infections. However, it is rare for it to cause severe neonatal asphyxia. This rarity is the focus of our case report, which aims to highlight the potential severity of UU infections in newborns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!